Difference between revisions of "North America and West Indies Station"
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<div name=fredbot:office0 otitle="Commander-in-Chief, North America and West Indies Station" nat="UK">{{TenureListBegin|Commander-in-Chief, North America and West Indies Station}} | <div name=fredbot:office0 otitle="Commander-in-Chief, North America and West Indies Station" nat="UK">{{TenureListBegin|Commander-in-Chief, North America and West Indies Station}} | ||
| − | {{Tenure|rank= | + | {{Tenure|rank={{ViceRN}}|name=Richard James Meade, Fourth Earl of Clanwilliam|nick=The Right Hon. the Earl of Clanwilliam|appt=25 August, 1885{{ClowesVII|p. 87}}}} |
{{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Algernon McLennan Lyons|nick=Algernon McL. Lyons|appt=4 September, 1886{{ClowesVII|p. 87}}}} | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Algernon McLennan Lyons|nick=Algernon McL. Lyons|appt=4 September, 1886{{ClowesVII|p. 87}}}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=George Willes Watson|nick=Sir George W. Watson|appt=15 December, 1888{{ClowesVII|p. 87}}}} | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=George Willes Watson|nick=Sir George W. Watson|appt=15 December, 1888{{ClowesVII|p. 87}}}} | ||
| Line 99: | Line 99: | ||
{{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Frederick George Denham Bedford|nick=Sir Frederick G. D. Bedford|appt=1 May, 1899{{ClowesVII|p. 87}}}} | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Frederick George Denham Bedford|nick=Sir Frederick G. D. Bedford|appt=1 May, 1899{{ClowesVII|p. 87}}}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Archibald Lucius Douglas|nick=Sir Archibald L. Douglas|appt=10 June, 1902<ref>"Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Friday, 9 May, 1902. Issue '''36763''', col E, p. 10.</ref>}} | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Archibald Lucius Douglas|nick=Sir Archibald L. Douglas|appt=10 June, 1902<ref>"Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Friday, 9 May, 1902. Issue '''36763''', col E, p. 10.</ref>}} | ||
| − | {{Tenure|rank= | + | {{Tenure|rank={{AdmRN}}|name=Day Hort Bosanquet|nick=Sir Day H. Bosanquet|appt=1 September, 1904<ref>"Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Thursday, 25 August, 1904. Issue '''37482''', col C, p. 8.</ref>}} |
{{Tenure|rank=Rear-Admiral|name=Frederick Samuel Inglefield|nick=Frederick S. Inglefield|appt=8 February, 1907<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Thursday, 10 January, 1907. Issue '''38226''', col D, p. 5.</ref>|as=Rear-Admiral Commanding, Fourth Cruiser Squadron}} | {{Tenure|rank=Rear-Admiral|name=Frederick Samuel Inglefield|nick=Frederick S. Inglefield|appt=8 February, 1907<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Thursday, 10 January, 1907. Issue '''38226''', col D, p. 5.</ref>|as=Rear-Admiral Commanding, Fourth Cruiser Squadron}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank=Rear-Admiral|name=Arthur Murray Farquhar|nick=Arthur M. Farquhar|appt=8 February, 1909<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Friday, 5 February, 1909, 1914. Issue '''38875''', col B, p. 7.</ref>|as=Rear-Admiral Commanding, Fourth Cruiser Squadron}} | {{Tenure|rank=Rear-Admiral|name=Arthur Murray Farquhar|nick=Arthur M. Farquhar|appt=8 February, 1909<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Friday, 5 February, 1909, 1914. Issue '''38875''', col B, p. 7.</ref>|as=Rear-Admiral Commanding, Fourth Cruiser Squadron}} | ||
| Line 105: | Line 105: | ||
{{Tenure|rank=Rear-Admiral|name=Christopher George Francis Maurice Cradock|nick=Sir Christopher G. F. M. Cradock|appt=8 February, 1913<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Tuesday, 21 January, 1913. Issue '''40114''', col C, p. 10.</ref>|as=Rear-Admiral Commanding, Fourth Cruiser Squadron|end=1 November, 1914|note=killed in command}} | {{Tenure|rank=Rear-Admiral|name=Christopher George Francis Maurice Cradock|nick=Sir Christopher G. F. M. Cradock|appt=8 February, 1913<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Tuesday, 21 January, 1913. Issue '''40114''', col C, p. 10.</ref>|as=Rear-Admiral Commanding, Fourth Cruiser Squadron|end=1 November, 1914|note=killed in command}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=George Edwin Patey|nick=Sir George E. Patey|appt=7 March, 1915{{UKCeased|f. 34}}}} | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=George Edwin Patey|nick=Sir George E. Patey|appt=7 March, 1915{{UKCeased|f. 34}}}} | ||
| − | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral | + | {{Tenure|rank=Acting Vice-Admiral|name=Montague Edward Browning|nick=Sir Montague E. Browning|appt=16 August, 1916{{UKCeased|f. 34}}}} |
{{Tenure|rank=Admiral|name=William Lowther Grant|nick=Sir William L. Grant|appt=7 January, 1918{{UKCeased|f. 34}}}} | {{Tenure|rank=Admiral|name=William Lowther Grant|nick=Sir William L. Grant|appt=7 January, 1918{{UKCeased|f. 34}}}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Morgan Singer|nick=Morgan Singer|appt=8 February, 1919{{UKCeased|f. 34}}|note=temporarily}} | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Morgan Singer|nick=Morgan Singer|appt=8 February, 1919{{UKCeased|f. 34}}|note=temporarily}} | ||
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{{Tenure|rank=Admiral|name=William Christopher Pakenham|nick=Sir William C. Pakenham|appt=16 October, 1920<ref>"Naval Appointments" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Wednesday, 22 September, 1920. Issue '''42522''', col F, p. 4.</ref>}} | {{Tenure|rank=Admiral|name=William Christopher Pakenham|nick=Sir William C. Pakenham|appt=16 October, 1920<ref>"Naval Appointments" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Wednesday, 22 September, 1920. Issue '''42522''', col F, p. 4.</ref>}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Michael Culme-Seymour, Fourth Baronet|nick=Sir Michael Culme-Seymour, Bart.|appt=1 January, 1923<ref>"Naval & Military" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Monday, 1 January, 1923. Issue '''43227''', col F, p. 18.</ref>}} | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Michael Culme-Seymour, Fourth Baronet|nick=Sir Michael Culme-Seymour, Bart.|appt=1 January, 1923<ref>"Naval & Military" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Monday, 1 January, 1923. Issue '''43227''', col F, p. 18.</ref>}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=James Andrew Fergusson|nick=James A. Fergusson|appt=1924}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Walter Henry Cowan, First Baronet|nick=Walter Henry Cowan|appt=1926|as=Commander-in-Chief, America and West Indies Station}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Cyril Thomas Moulden Fuller|nick=Cyril T. M. Fuller|appt=1928|as=Commander-in-Chief, America and West Indies Station}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Vernon Harry Stuart Haggard|nick=Vernon H. S. Haggard|appt=1930|as=Commander-in-Chief, America and West Indies Station}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Reginald Aylmer Ranfurly Plunkett-Ernle-Erle-Drax|nick=Reginald A. R. Plunkett-Ernle-Erle-Drax|appt=1932|as=Commander-in-Chief, America and West Indies Station}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Matthew Robert Best|nick=Matthew R. Best|appt=1934|as=Commander-in-Chief, America and West Indies Station}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Sidney Julius Meyrick|nick=Sidney J. Meyrick|appt=1937|as=Commander-in-Chief, America and West Indies Station}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Charles Edward Kennedy-Purvis|nick=Charles E. Kennedy-Purvis|appt=1940|as=Commander-in-Chief, America and West Indies Station}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Alban Thomas Buckley Curteis|nick=Alban T. B. Curteis|appt=1942|as=Commander-in-Chief, America and West Indies Station}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Irvine Gordon Glennie|nick=Irvine G. Glennie|appt=1944|as=Commander-in-Chief, America and West Indies Station|succBy=William Tennant}} | ||
{{TenureListEnd}} | {{TenureListEnd}} | ||
</div name=fredbot:office0> | </div name=fredbot:office0> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
==Seconds-in-Command== | ==Seconds-in-Command== | ||
Revision as of 13:36, 19 June 2014
Contents
History
On 6 December, 1906, the First Lord of the Admiralty, the Earl of Selborne, announced a redistribution of fleets affecting the whole Navy. The cruisers outside European waters were divided into groups: the Eastern; Cape of Good Hope; and the Western.
- The Western Group of cruisers will consist of the cruisers under the command of the Commander-in-chief of the North American and West Indian Station and the mobilized cruisers with which he will be reinforced in time of war. At present the cruisers under the command of the Commander-in-chief of the North American and West Indian Station consist of his flag-ship, a first-class protected cruiser, and certain second and third-class cruisers. The Board have decided to withdraw from the station the less effective of those ships and to add to it the ships of the new Particular Service Squadron which they have decided to constitute and of which the Commander-in-chief of this station will be given command.[1]
The situation was clarified in a further command paper on fleet dispositions, dated 15 March, 1905:
The constitution of the Particular Service Squadron under the command of the Commander-in-Chief, North America and West Indies Station, composed of the Flag Ship on that Station, and the five sea-going training ships for cadets, youths, and boys. This forms the Fourth Cruiser Squadron.[2]
Further:
The Fourth Cruiser (Particular Service) Squadron which compromises the Flagship of the Vice-Admiral in command of the North America and West Indies Station, and the several seagoing training ships, will make three cruises annually in the West Indies and in Home and adjacent waters, returning home after each cruise at the dates fixed for changing the classes under training.
Under this arrangement it is estimated that the Fourth Cruiser Squadron will be cruising for 30 weeks, and will be at Home for 22 weeks.
The refit and docking of the ships, and the leave to officers and men, will take place in the course of the time spent in Home waters.[3]
From 8 February, 1907 to 8 February, 1909, Rear-Admiral Frederick S. Inglefield was in command of the squadron, flying his flag in Euryalus.[4] By this time the command-in-chief status and the allusion to the North America and West Indies Station seems to have been abandoned.[Inference] Inglefield was succeeded at Portsmouth by Rear-Admiral Arthur M. Farquhar on 8 February, 1909.[5] Rear-Admiral Edward E. Bradford was appointed in command on 8 February, 1911, and struck his flag on 8 February, 1913.[6] He was succeeded on the same day by Rear-Admiral Sir Christopher G. F. M. Cradock.[7] On 1 May, 1912, the Fourth Cruiser Squadron was renamed the Training Squadron.[8] With Cradock's appointment in 1913 the Fourth Cruiser Squadron ceased to be a training squadron and became part of the First Fleet.[9] It was intended that it should be able to join the Commander-in-Chief in Home waters for manœuvres, but it was in effect permanently detached to protect British interests in Mexico.[10]
Composition
June, 1906:[11]
On Newfoundland Fisheries:
December, 1912
December, 1913
The West Atlantic squadron has gained a cruiser in net strength. Donegal left for an assignment I've yet to discover. New arrival Essex's point of origin is likewise a mystery.[13]
- Suffolk
- Berwick
- Essex
- Lancaster (joined from Fifth Cruiser Squadron)
- Hermione (joined from Eleventh Cruiser Squadron)
July, 1914
[14] A light cruiser has replaced Hermione.
5 August, 1914
Based in the West Atlantic, the formation was a cruiser squadron in name only, as it was comprised of:
- heavy cruiser Suffolk
- heavy cruiser Berwick
- light cruiser Bristol
- armoured cruiser Essex
- armoured cruiser Lancaster
- battleship Glory
- first class protected cruiser Niobe
- An auxiliary merchant cruiser
November, 1915
- Battleship
- Cruisers
- Light Cruisers
- Armed Merchant Cruisers
- Caronia, Calgarian
July, 1918
The following forces were working with three vessels in the Ninth Cruiser Squadron.[17]
- Battleship
- Cruisers
- Berwick, Carnarvon (paid off), Cornwall, Cumberland, Devonshire, Donegal, Duke of Edinburgh, King Alfred (paid off), Leviathan, Roxburgh
- Light Cruisers
- Misc
- sloop Shearwater, yacht Warrior (temporary flag)
Commanders-in-Chief
The station was dubbed "Commander-in-Chief, North America and West Indies Station" except for a period from 1907 to 1915, when it was "Rear-Admiral Commanding, Fourth Cruiser Squadron".
- Vice-Admiral The Right Hon. the Earl of Clanwilliam, 25 August, 1885[18]
- Vice-Admiral Algernon McL. Lyons, 4 September, 1886[19]
- Vice-Admiral Sir George W. Watson, 15 December, 1888[20]
- Vice-Admiral Sir John O. Hopkins, 15 December, 1891[21]
- Vice-Admiral Sir James E. Erskine, 17 April, 1895[22]
- Vice-Admiral Sir John A. Fisher, 15 September, 1897[23]
- Vice-Admiral Sir Frederick G. D. Bedford, 1 May, 1899[24]
- Vice-Admiral Sir Archibald L. Douglas, 10 June, 1902[25]
- Admiral Sir Day H. Bosanquet, 1 September, 1904[26]
- Rear-Admiral Frederick S. Inglefield, 8 February, 1907[27]
- Rear-Admiral Arthur M. Farquhar, 8 February, 1909[28]
- Rear-Admiral Edward E. Bradford, 8 February, 1911[29]
- Rear-Admiral Sir Christopher G. F. M. Cradock, 8 February, 1913[30] – 1 November, 1914 (killed in command)
- Vice-Admiral Sir George E. Patey, 7 March, 1915[31]
- Acting Vice-Admiral Sir Montague E. Browning, 16 August, 1916[32]
- Admiral Sir William L. Grant, 7 January, 1918[33]
- Vice-Admiral Morgan Singer, 8 February, 1919[34] (temporarily)
- Vice-Admiral Sir Trevylyan D. W. Napier, 1 December, 1919[35]
- Admiral Sir William C. Pakenham, 16 October, 1920[36]
- Vice-Admiral Sir Michael Culme-Seymour, Bart., 1 January, 1923[37]
- Vice-Admiral James A. Fergusson, 1924
- Vice-Admiral Walter Henry Cowan, 1926
- Vice-Admiral Cyril T. M. Fuller, 1928
- Vice-Admiral Vernon H. S. Haggard, 1930
- Vice-Admiral Reginald A. R. Plunkett-Ernle-Erle-Drax, 1932
- Vice-Admiral Matthew R. Best, 1934
- Vice-Admiral Sidney J. Meyrick, 1937
- Vice-Admiral Charles E. Kennedy-Purvis, 1940
- Vice-Admiral Alban T. B. Curteis, 1942
- Vice-Admiral Irvine G. Glennie, 1944
Seconds-in-Command
- Rear-Admiral Morgan Singer, 15 December, 1917[38] and as Admiral Superintendent at Bermuda
See Also
Footnotes
- ↑ Navy—Distribution and Mobilization of the Fleet (1905). Cd. 2335. p. 3.
- ↑ Redistribution of the Fleet—Arrangements Consequent on the Redistribution of the Fleet (1905). Cd. 2430. p. 3.
- ↑ Redistribution of the Fleet—Arrangements Consequent on the Redistribution of the Fleet (1905). Cd. 2430. p. 5.
- ↑ Inglefield Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/19. f. 473.
- ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Friday, 5 February, 1909, 1914. Issue 38875, col B, p. 7.
- ↑ Bradford Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 168.
- ↑ Cradock Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 89.
- ↑ M. 11735/12. 29 March, 1912. The National Archives. ADM 1/8271. f. 2 of Admiralty letter.
- ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Tuesday, 21 January, 1913. Issue 40114, col C, p. 10.
- ↑ Naval Operations. Volume I. pp. 11-13.
- ↑ The Navy List (June, 1906). pp. 268, 269a.
- ↑ Albert Francis Barclay Bridges papers at The Caird Library at the National Maritime Museum. [BRG 1/1]
- ↑ Albert Francis Barclay Bridges papers at The Caird Library at the National Maritime Museum. [BRG 1/1]
- ↑ Printed page "Fleets and Squadrons in Commission at Home and Abroad" in Albert Francis Barclay Bridges papers at The Caird Library at the National Maritime Museum. [BRG 1/1]
- ↑ Dittmar; Colledge. British Warships 1914–1919. p. 16.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List (November, 1915). p. 19.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List (July, 1918). p. 21.
- ↑ Clowes. The Royal Navy. Vol. VII. p. 87.
- ↑ Clowes. The Royal Navy. Vol. VII. p. 87.
- ↑ Clowes. The Royal Navy. Vol. VII. p. 87.
- ↑ Hopkins Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/36. f. 644.
- ↑ Clowes. The Royal Navy. Vol. VII. p. 87.
- ↑ Clowes. The Royal Navy. Vol. VII. p. 87.
- ↑ Clowes. The Royal Navy. Vol. VII. p. 87.
- ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Friday, 9 May, 1902. Issue 36763, col E, p. 10.
- ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Thursday, 25 August, 1904. Issue 37482, col C, p. 8.
- ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Thursday, 10 January, 1907. Issue 38226, col D, p. 5.
- ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Friday, 5 February, 1909, 1914. Issue 38875, col B, p. 7.
- ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Tuesday, 10 January, 1911. Issue 39478, col B, p. 4.
- ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Tuesday, 21 January, 1913. Issue 40114, col C, p. 10.
- ↑ Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918. f. 34.
- ↑ Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918. f. 34.
- ↑ Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918. f. 34.
- ↑ Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918. f. 34.
- ↑ Napier Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 208.
- ↑ "Naval Appointments" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Wednesday, 22 September, 1920. Issue 42522, col F, p. 4.
- ↑ "Naval & Military" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Monday, 1 January, 1923. Issue 43227, col F, p. 18.
- ↑ The Navy List. (November, 1918). p. 6.
Bibliography
- Clowes, Sir Wm. Laird (1903). The Royal Navy: A History From the Earliest Times to the Death of Queen Victoria. Vol. VII. London: Sampson Low, Marston and Company Limited.
- Corbett, Sir Julian S. (1920). Naval Operations. Volume I. London: Longmans, Green and Co..
