China Station: Difference between revisions
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<div name=fredbot:officeCIC otitle="Commander-in-Chief, China Station" nat="UK"> | <div name=fredbot:officeCIC otitle="Commander-in-Chief, China Station" nat="UK"> | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{ViceRN}}|name=Charles Frederick Alexander Shadwell|nick=Sir Charles F. A. Shadwell|appt=1871|end=August, 1874}} | {{Tenure|rank={{ViceRN}}|name=Charles Frederick Alexander Shadwell|nick=Sir Charles F. A. Shadwell|appt=1871|end=August, 1874}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{ViceRN}}|name=Alfred Phillipps Ryder|nick=Sir Alfred P. Ryder|appt=August, 1874|end=1877}} | {{Tenure|rank={{ViceRN}}|name=Alfred Phillipps Ryder|nick=Sir Alfred P. Ryder|appt=August, 1874|end=1877}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{ViceRN}}|name=Charles Farrell Hillyar|nick=Sir Charles F. Hillyar|appt=1877|end=1878}} | {{Tenure|rank={{ViceRN}}|name=Charles Farrell Hillyar|nick=Sir Charles F. Hillyar|appt=1877|end=1878}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{ViceRN}}|name=William Montagu Dowell|nick=William M. Dowell|appt=26 September, 1878{{NLMar80|p. 188}}}} | {{Tenure|rank={{ViceRN}}|name=William Montagu Dowell|nick=William M. Dowell|appt=26 September, 1878{{NLMar80|p. 188}}}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{ViceRN}}|name=Richard Vesey Hamilton|nick=Richard V. Hamilton|appt=1885}} | {{Tenure|rank={{ViceRN}}|name=George Ommanney Willes|nick=George O. Willes|appt=1881|end=1884}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{ViceRN}}|name=Nowell Salmon|nick=Sir Nowell Salmon|appt=17 December, 1887{{ClowesVII|p. 88}}}} | {{Tenure|rank={{ViceRN}}|name=Richard Vesey Hamilton|nick=Richard V. Hamilton|appt=1885|end=1887}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Frederick William Richards|nick=Sir Frederick W. Richards|appt=29 November, 1890{{ClowesVII|p. 88}}}} | {{Tenure|rank={{ViceRN}}|name=Nowell Salmon|nick=Sir Nowell Salmon|appt=17 December, 1887{{ClowesVII|p. 88}}|end=1890}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Edmund Robert Fremantle|nick=The Hon. Sir Edmund R. Fremantle|appt=16 February, 1892{{ClowesVII|p. 88}}}} | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Frederick William Richards|nick=Sir Frederick W. Richards|appt=29 November, 1890{{ClowesVII|p. 88}}|end=1892}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{AdmRN}}|name=Alexander Buller|nick=Sir Alexander Buller|appt=28 May, 1895{{ClowesVII|p. 88}}}} | {{Tenure|rank=Vice-Admiral|name=Edmund Robert Fremantle|nick=The Hon. Sir Edmund R. Fremantle|appt=16 February, 1892{{ClowesVII|p. 88}}|end=1895}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{AdmRN}}|name=Alexander Buller|nick=Sir Alexander Buller|appt=28 May, 1895{{ClowesVII|p. 88}}|end=1897}} | |||
{{Tenure|rank=Admiral|name=Edward Hobart Seymour|nick=Sir Edward H. Seymour|appt=19 February, 1898{{ClowesVII|p. 88}}|ass=19 February, 1898<ref>Seymour Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/37.}} f. 1164.</ref>|end=10 April, 1901<ref>Seymour Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/37.}} f. 1164.</ref>}} | {{Tenure|rank=Admiral|name=Edward Hobart Seymour|nick=Sir Edward H. Seymour|appt=19 February, 1898{{ClowesVII|p. 88}}|ass=19 February, 1898<ref>Seymour Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/37.}} f. 1164.</ref>|end=10 April, 1901<ref>Seymour Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/37.}} f. 1164.</ref>}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank=Admiral|name=Cyprian Arthur George Bridge|nick=Sir Cyprian A. G. Bridge|appt= | {{Tenure|rank=Admiral|name=Cyprian Arthur George Bridge|nick=Sir Cyprian A. G. Bridge|appt=10 April, 1901<ref>Bridge Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/36/400.}} f. 158.</ref>|end=15 January, 1904<ref>Bridge Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/36/400.}} f. 158.</ref>}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank=Admiral|name=Gerard Henry Uctred Noel|nick=Sir Gerard H. U. Noel|appt=15 January, 1904<ref>Noel Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/37.}} f. 956.</ref>|ass=14 March, 1904<ref>Noel Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/37.}} f. 956.</ref>|end=16 March, 1906<ref>Noel Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/37.}} f. 956.</ref>}} | {{Tenure|rank=Admiral|name=Gerard Henry Uctred Noel|nick=Sir Gerard H. U. Noel|appt=15 January, 1904<ref>Noel Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/37.}} f. 956.</ref>|ass=14 March, 1904<ref>Noel Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/37.}} f. 956.</ref>|end=16 March, 1906<ref>Noel Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/37.}} f. 956.</ref>}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank=Admiral|name=Arthur William Moore|nick=Sir Arthur W. Moore|appt=6 December, 1905<ref>Moore Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/39.}} f. 915.</ref>|ass=16 March, 1906<ref>Moore Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/39.}} f. 915.</ref>|end=21 March, 1908<ref>Moore Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/39.}} f. 915.</ref>}} | {{Tenure|rank=Admiral|name=Arthur William Moore|nick=Sir Arthur W. Moore|appt=6 December, 1905<ref>Moore Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/39.}} f. 915.</ref>|ass=16 March, 1906<ref>Moore Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/39.}} f. 915.</ref>|end=21 March, 1908<ref>Moore Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/39.}} f. 915.</ref>}} | ||
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<div name=fredbot:officeFGO otitle="Fleet Gunnery Officer, China Station" nat="UK"> | <div name=fredbot:officeFGO otitle="Fleet Gunnery Officer, China Station" nat="UK"> | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}} ('''G''')|name=John Otho Nicholson Wood|nick=John O. N. Wood|appt=9 July, 1921<ref>Wood Service Record {{TNA|ADM 196/50/247.|}} f. 294.</ref>{{NLJan23|p. 766}}|end=August, 1923<ref>Wood Service Record {{TNA|ADM 196/50/247.|}} f. 294.</ref>|note=commenced upon joining ship}} | {{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}} ('''G''')|name=John Otho Nicholson Wood|nick=John O. N. Wood|appt=9 July, 1921<ref>Wood Service Record {{TNA|ADM 196/50/247.|}} f. 294.</ref>{{NLJan23|p. 766}}|end=August, 1923<ref>Wood Service Record {{TNA|ADM 196/50/247.|}} f. 294.</ref>|note=commenced upon joining ship}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}} ('''G''')|name=Wharton Stanley Gray|nick=Wharton S. Gray|appt=28 October, 1925{{NLJan26|p. 244}}|end=}} | {{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}} ('''G''')|name=Wharton Stanley Gray|nick=Wharton S. Gray|appt=28 October, 1925{{NLJan26|p. 244}}|end=January, 1928}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}} ('''G''')|name=Hubert Guy Dyke Acland, Fourth Baronet|nick=Hubert G. D. Acland|appt=19 December, 1927{{NLJan28|p. 244}}|end=January, 1930<ref>Acland Service Record {{TNA|ADM 196/52/265.|}} f. 622.</ref>}} | {{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}} ('''G''')|name=Hubert Guy Dyke Acland, Fourth Baronet|nick=Hubert G. D. Acland|appt=19 December, 1927{{NLJan28|p. 244}}|end=January, 1930<ref>Acland Service Record {{TNA|ADM 196/52/265.|}} f. 622.</ref>}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}} ('''G''')|name=Harold Hickling|nick=Harold Hickling|appt=1931<ref>Hickling Service Record {{TNA|ADM 196/55/195.|}} f. 27.</ref>|end=29 February, 1932<ref>Hickling Service Record {{TNA|ADM 196/55/195.|}} f. 27.</ref>}} | {{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}} ('''G''')|name=Harold Hickling|nick=Harold Hickling|appt=1931<ref>Hickling Service Record {{TNA|ADM 196/55/195.|}} f. 27.</ref>|end=29 February, 1932<ref>Hickling Service Record {{TNA|ADM 196/55/195.|}} f. 27.</ref>}} | ||
| Line 96: | Line 96: | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}} ('''N''')|name=Stanley Evans Thomas|nick=Stanley E. Thomas|appt=10 September, 1924{{NLJan26|p. 244}}|end=4 July, 1926}} | {{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}} ('''N''')|name=Stanley Evans Thomas|nick=Stanley E. Thomas|appt=10 September, 1924{{NLJan26|p. 244}}|end=4 July, 1926}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}} ('''N''')|name=Francis Nigel Miles|nick=Francis N. Miles|appt=4 July, 1926{{NLJan28|p. 244}}|end=18 March, 1929<ref>Miles Service Record {{TNA|ADM 196/50/349.|}} f. 347.</ref>}} | {{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}} ('''N''')|name=Francis Nigel Miles|nick=Francis N. Miles|appt=4 July, 1926{{NLJan28|p. 244}}|end=18 March, 1929<ref>Miles Service Record {{TNA|ADM 196/50/349.|}} f. 347.</ref>}} | ||
{{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}} ('''N''')|name=Edward Wollaston Kitson|nick=Edward W. Kitson|appt=30 January, 1928<ref>Kitson Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/51/277.|}} f. 280.</ref>|end=February, 1930<ref>Kitson Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/51/277.|}} f. 280.</ref>}} | |||
{{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}} ('''N''')|name=Gerald Percival Bowen|nick=Gerald P. Bowen|appt=February, 1930<ref>Bowen Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/52/163.|}} f. 521.</ref>|end=March, 1932<ref>Bowen Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/52/163.|}} f. 521.</ref>|note=vice Kitson}} | |||
</div name=fredbot:officeFNO> | </div name=fredbot:officeFNO> | ||
Latest revision as of 20:20, 12 April 2023
The Royal Navy's China Station was an important base for projecting power into the Pacific.
On 1 November, 1911, the destroyers allotted to the "China Flotilla" were 3 "Rivers", four 30-knotters, and two 27-knotters.[1]
It was named the Eastern Fleet from 1941 to 1944, the Pacific Fleet from 1944 to 1946 and then the Far Eastern Fleet from 1946 to 1971.[2]
Commanders-in-Chief
Dates of appointment given:
- Vice-Admiral Sir Charles F. A. Shadwell, 1871 – August, 1874
- Vice-Admiral Sir Alfred P. Ryder, August, 1874 – 1877
- Vice-Admiral Sir Charles F. Hillyar, 1877 – 1878
- Vice-Admiral William M. Dowell, 26 September, 1878[3]
- Vice-Admiral George O. Willes, 1881 – 1884
- Vice-Admiral Richard V. Hamilton, 1885 – 1887
- Vice-Admiral Sir Nowell Salmon, 17 December, 1887[4] – 1890
- Vice-Admiral Sir Frederick W. Richards, 29 November, 1890[5] – 1892
- Vice-Admiral The Hon. Sir Edmund R. Fremantle, 16 February, 1892[6] – 1895
- Admiral Sir Alexander Buller, 28 May, 1895[7] – 1897
- Admiral Sir Edward H. Seymour, 19 February, 1898[8] – 10 April, 1901[9]
- Admiral Sir Cyprian A. G. Bridge, 10 April, 1901[10] – 15 January, 1904[11]
- Admiral Sir Gerard H. U. Noel, 15 January, 1904[12] – 16 March, 1906[13]
- Admiral Sir Arthur W. Moore, 6 December, 1905[14] – 21 March, 1908[15]
- Vice-Admiral The Hon. Sir Hedworth Lambton, 1 January, 1908[16][17] – 6 March, 1910[18]
- Admiral Sir Alfred L. Winsloe, 25 January, 1910[19][20] – 3 May, 1913[21]
- Vice-Admiral Sir T. H. Martyn Jerram, 25 January, 1913[22][23] – 28 July, 1915[24]
- Vice-Admiral Sir William L. Grant, 28 July, 1915[25] – 25 October, 1917[26]
- Vice-Admiral Sir Frederick C. T. Tudor, 20 July, 1917[27] – July, 1919[28]
- Admiral Sir Alexander L. Duff, 24 July, 1919[29] – 7 November, 1922[30]
- Admiral Sir Arthur C. Leveson, 10 September, 1922[31] – 10 September, 1924[32]
- Vice-Admiral Sir Allan F. Everett, 10 September, 1924[33] – 12 May, 1925[34] (invalided with "psychasthenia")
- Vice-Admiral Sir Edwyn S. Alexander-Sinclair, 22 April, 1925[35] – 8 November, 1926[36]
- Vice-Admiral Sir Reginald Y. Tyrwhitt, Bart., 8 November, 1926[37] – 13 November, 1928[38]
- Vice-Admiral Sir Arthur K. Waistell, 28 November, 1928[39]
- Admiral Sir W. A. Howard Kelly, 13 December, 1930[40] – 11 March, 1933[41]
- Admiral Sir Frederic C. Dreyer, 9 January, 1933 – 11 January, 1936
- Admiral Sir Charles J. C. Little, 8 November, 1935[42] – 5 February, 1938[43] (ill at end)
- Rear-Admiral Lewis G. E. Crabbe, 21 December, 1937[44] – 11 January, 1938[45] (while Little was sick)
- Admiral Percy L. H. Noble, 28 December, 1937 – 18 November, 1940
- Vice-Admiral Geoffrey Layton, 10 July, 1940[46] – 10 December, 1941[47]
- Admiral Sir Tom S. V. Phillips, – December, 1941
- Admiral Sir James F. Somerville, February, 1942 – August, 1944
- Admiral Sir Bruce A. Fraser, August, 1944 – June, 1946
- Admiral Sir Denis W. Boyd, June, 1946 – January, 1949
- Admiral Sir Eric J. P. Brind, 11 January, 1949 – February, 1951
Seconds-in-Command
Dates of appointment given:
- Rear-Admiral Charles L. Oxley, 7 May, 1896[48] – 27 October, 1897 (3 months leave in England at end for "domestic affliction")
- Rear-Admiral Charles C. P. FitzGerald, 27 October, 1897[49] – 23 December, 1899[50]
- Rear-Admiral Sir James A. T. Bruce, 18 September, 1899[51] – 2 January, 1902
- Rear-Admiral Harry T. Grenfell, 9 September, 1901[52] – 13 June, 1903[53] (invalided)
- Rear-Admiral The Hon. Assheton G. Curzon-Howe, 13 June, 1903[54] – 2 August, 1905[55]
Other Personnel
Fleet Gunnery Officer
- Commander (G) John O. N. Wood, 9 July, 1921[56][57] – August, 1923[58] (commenced upon joining ship)
- Commander (G) Wharton S. Gray, 28 October, 1925[59] – January, 1928
- Commander (G) Hubert G. D. Acland, 19 December, 1927[60] – January, 1930[61]
- Commander (G) Harold Hickling, 1931[62] – 29 February, 1932[63]
Fleet Torpedo Officer
- Lieutenant-Commander (T) Cecil R. McCrum, 21 April, 1921[64][65] – March, 1923[66]
- Lieutenant-Commander (T) Gervase B. Middleton, 30 April, 1923[67] – June, 1925[68]
- Lieutenant-Commander (T) Edward C. Bindloss, 31 March, 1925[69]
- Lieutenant-Commander (T) James F. W. Mudford, 20 April, 1927[70][71] – 11 December, 1928[72]
Fleet Signal Officer
- Flag Lieutenant Clifford Caslon, 10 November, 1926[73] – 6 June, 1930 (and as Fleet Wireless Officer)
Fleet Wireless Officer
- Lieutenant (S) John P. Money, 10 September, 1922[74][75] – November, 1924[76] (commenced upon joining ship)
- Lieutenant Edward Dangerfield, 10 September, 1924[77]
- Flag Lieutenant Clifford Caslon, 10 November, 1926[78] – 6 June, 1930 (and as Fleet Wireless Officer)
- Commander (N) Stanley E. Thomas, 10 September, 1924[79] – 4 July, 1926
- Commander (N) Francis N. Miles, 4 July, 1926[80] – 18 March, 1929[81]
- Commander (N) Edward W. Kitson, 30 January, 1928[82] – February, 1930[83]
- Commander (N) Gerald P. Bowen, February, 1930[84] – March, 1932[85] (vice Kitson)
See Also
Footnotes
- ↑ March. British Destroyers. p. 160.
- ↑ Mackie, Colin. ROYAL NAVY SENIOR APPOINTMENTS.
- ↑ The Navy List. (March, 1880). p. 188.
- ↑ Clowes. The Royal Navy. Vol. VII. p. 88.
- ↑ Clowes. The Royal Navy. Vol. VII. p. 88.
- ↑ Clowes. The Royal Navy. Vol. VII. p. 88.
- ↑ Clowes. The Royal Navy. Vol. VII. p. 88.
- ↑ Clowes. The Royal Navy. Vol. VII. p. 88.
- ↑ Seymour Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/37. f. 1164.
- ↑ Bridge Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/36/400. f. 158.
- ↑ Bridge Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/36/400. f. 158.
- ↑ Noel Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/37. f. 956.
- ↑ Noel Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/37. f. 956.
- ↑ Moore Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/39. f. 915.
- ↑ Moore Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/39. f. 915.
- ↑ Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918. Unnumbered page.
- ↑ Meux Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/19. f. 500.
- ↑ Meux Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/19. f. 500.
- ↑ Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918. Unnumbered page.
- ↑ Winsloe Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/18. f. 541.
- ↑ Winsloe Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/18. f. 541.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (December, 1914). p. 7.
- ↑ Jerram Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 692.
- ↑ Jerram Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 692.
- ↑ Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918. p. 33.
- ↑ Grant Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/20. f. 254/512.
- ↑ Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918. p. 33.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (July, 1919). p. 7.
- ↑ Duff Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 204.
- ↑ Duff Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 204.
- ↑ "Naval and Military" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Saturday, 1 April, 1922. Issue 42995, col B, p. 10.
- ↑ Leveson Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/88. f. 10.
- ↑ Everett Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. p. 23.
- ↑ Everett Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 23.
- ↑ Alexander-Sinclair Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 194.
- ↑ Alexander-Sinclair Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 194.
- ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/89. f. 41.
- ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/89. f. 41.
- ↑ Waistell Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 244.
- ↑ Kelly Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 230.
- ↑ Kelly Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 230.
- ↑ Little Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/47/95. f. 300.
- ↑ Little Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/47/95. f. 300.
- ↑ Crabbe Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/46/168. f. 169.
- ↑ Crabbe Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/46/168. f. 169.
- ↑ Layton Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/49/134. f. ?.
- ↑ Layton Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/49/134. f. ?.
- ↑ Oxley Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/36. f. 992.
- ↑ FitzGerald Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/36. f. 453.
- ↑ FitzGerald Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/14. f. 1060.
- ↑ Bruce Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/36. f. 152.
- ↑ Grenfell Service Record The National Archives. ADM 196/36/1261. f. 564.
- ↑ Grenfell Service Record The National Archives. ADM 196/36/1261. f. 564.
- ↑ Curzon-Howe Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 275.
- ↑ Curzon-Howe Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 275.
- ↑ Wood Service Record The National Archives. ADM 196/50/247. f. 294.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1923). p. 766.
- ↑ Wood Service Record The National Archives. ADM 196/50/247. f. 294.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1926). p. 244.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1928). p. 244.
- ↑ Acland Service Record The National Archives. ADM 196/52/265. f. 622.
- ↑ Hickling Service Record The National Archives. ADM 196/55/195. f. 27.
- ↑ Hickling Service Record The National Archives. ADM 196/55/195. f. 27.
- ↑ McCrum Service Record The National Archives. ADM 196/54/116. f. 116. Upon re-commissioning.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1923). p. 766.
- ↑ McCrum Service Record The National Archives. ADM 196/54/116. f. 116.
- ↑ Middleton Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/56/11. f. 11.
- ↑ Middleton Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/56/11. f. 11.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1926). p. 244.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1928). p. 244.
- ↑ Mudford Service Record The National Archives. ADM 196/120/162. f. 162.
- ↑ Mudford Service Record The National Archives. ADM 196/120/162. f. 162.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1928). p. 244.
- ↑ Money Service Record The National Archives. ADM 196/117/75. f. 75.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1923). p. 766.
- ↑ Money Service Record The National Archives. ADM 196/117/75. f. 75.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1926). p. 244.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1928). p. 244.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1926). p. 244.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1928). p. 244.
- ↑ Miles Service Record The National Archives. ADM 196/50/349. f. 347.
- ↑ Kitson Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/51/277. f. 280.
- ↑ Kitson Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/51/277. f. 280.
- ↑ Bowen Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/52/163. f. 521.
- ↑ Bowen Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/52/163. f. 521.
