Difference between revisions of "Reginald Yorke Tyrwhitt, First Baronet"

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{{FleetRN}} Sir '''Reginald Yorke Tyrwhitt''', 1st Baronet, G.C.B., D.S.O., D.C.L. ([[10 May]], [[1870]] – [[30 May]], [[1951]]) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]] during the [[First World War]].
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[[File:Tyrwhitt, NPG x28604.jpg|thumb|400px|'''Tyrwhitt as a Rear-Admiral'''<br><small>© National Portrait Gallery, London.</small>]]
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{{FleetRN}} {{SIR}} '''Reginald Yorke Tyrwhitt''', First Baronet, G.C.B., D.S.O., D.C.L., Royal Navy (10 May, 1870 &ndash; 30 May, 1951) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]] during the [[First World War]].
  
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==Early Life and Career==
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==Early Life & Career==
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Tyrwhitt was born in Oxford on [[10 May]], [[1870]], the fifth son of the Reverend Richard St. John Tyrwhitt (1827–1895), vicar of St. Mary Magdalen, and the fourth with his second wife, Caroline (d.1883), daughter of John Yorke, of Bewerley Hall, Yorkshire. He entered ''Britannia'' as a naval cadet in 1883, served in the ''Australia'' and ''Ajax'' for the naval manœuvres of 1889 and 1890 respectively, and in 1892 was promoted {{LieutRN}} and appointed to the light cruiser ''Cleopatra'' on the North America station.
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He was educated for a year at Burney's at Gosport, and passed into the [[H.M.S. Britannia (Training Ship)|''Britannia'']] on his second attempt, thirty-third out of thirty-four.<ref>Temple Patterson.  ''Tyrwhitt of the Harwhich Force''. p. 5.</ref>
  
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In 1896 Tyrwhitt took over the command of the ''Hart'', one of the very early destroyers in the navy, and thus began a long and distinguished association with this class of ship. Towards the end of the year he was appointed First Lieutenant in the ''Surprise'', the [[Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet|Commander-in-Chief]]'s yacht in the Mediterranean, and followed that with a similar post in the ''Indefatigable'' on the North America station. In 1903 Tyrwhitt married Sarah Angela Mary Margaret (d.1958), daughter of Matthew Corbally, of Rathbeale Hall, Swords, County Dublin; they had one son and two daughters. That year, he was promoted {{CmdrRN}} and appointed to the ''Aurora'', tender to the ''Britannia'' at Dartmouth. He commanded the destroyer ''Waveney'' (1904–5) and the scouts ''Attentive'' (1906) and ''Skirmisher'' (1907).
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He was confirmed in the rank of Sub-Lieutenant dated 14 March, 1890.{{Gaz|26224|5986|17 November, 1891}}  
  
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In June, 1908 Tyrwhitt was promoted {{CaptRN}} and, with a long record of destroyer command behind him, was selected in August to command the ''Topaze'' as captain (D) of the Fourth Destroyer Flotilla at Portsmouth. After holding that command for two years he was made flag captain to Sir [[Douglas Gamble]] in the [[British Mediterranean Fleet|Mediterranean Fleet]], commanding successively the ''Bacchante'' and the ''Good Hope''. In 1912 he returned home to command the ''Bellona'' as Captain (D) of the Second Destroyer Flotilla of the [[British Home Fleet|Home Fleet]], and in 1914 was promoted Commodore (T) being then in charge of all destroyer flotillas in the fleet. In addition to his main interest in destroyer tactics, Tyrwhitt was a strong supporter of the introduction of flying in the navy and his encouragement was a considerable factor in the formation of the [[Royal Naval Air Service]].
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He was appointed to the {{UK-Blake|f=t}} on 2 February, 1892,{{NMI|Tuesday, Jan 19, 1892; pg. 7; Issue 33538}} but was appointed to {{UK-Pilot}} on 25 March.{{NMI|Monday, Mar 21, 1892; pg. 6; Issue 33591}}
  
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==The Harwich Force==
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On 1 July, 1892, he was appointed to the {{UK-VictoriaAndAlbertII|f=t}} along with [[David Beatty]].{{NMI|Wednesday, Jun 29, 1892; pg. 12; Issue 33677. }}
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At the outbreak of the First World War Tyrwhitt was at Harwich, flying his broad pennant in the light cruiser ''Amethyst'', with the First and Third Destroyer Flotillas in company. As Commodore, and from 1918 {{RearRN}}, Harwich force, he served throughout the whole war in that single appointment, an indication of the Admiralty's high appreciation of the skill and leadership with which he led the force throughout the strenuous operations in which it was engaged.
 
  
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It was as a war leader that Tyrwhitt really blossomed. He had in abundance the four ‘aces’ which make the great commander: a gift for leadership, a fertile imagination and a creative brain, an eagerness to make full use of the brains and ideas of juniors, and an offensive spirit. His were the first ships to be in action in the war when they sank the German mine-layer ''Königin Luise'' off the Thames estuary on 5 August, 1914. Twenty-three days later the Harwich force was engaged in the Heligoland bight action, an operation jointly planned by Tyrwhitt and [[Roger Keyes]], commanding the British submarine flotillas. Three German cruisers were sunk in the engagement, and although Tyrwhitt's ship, the Arethusa, was severely damaged in the action she returned safely to Sheerness where, Tyrwhitt recorded, [[Winston Churchill]] ‘fairly slobbered over me’. He was created C.B.
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Tyrwhitt was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 25 August, 1892.{{Gaz|26322|5016|2 September, 1892}} and was appointed to {{UK-1Cleopatra}} on 21 September, 1892.{{NMI|Friday, Sep 09, 1892; pg. 4; Issue 33739}}
  
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There followed the German battle cruiser raid on Scarborough and Hartlepool on 16 December, 1914 when, although the sea was too rough for his destroyers, Tyrwhitt was at sea with his light cruisers and only just failed to make contact with the enemy ships. He commanded the covering force in the Heligoland bight for the naval seaplane raid on the Zeppelin sheds at Cuxhaven on 25 December, 1914, and in January, 1915 his Harwich force played a notable part in conjunction with the battle cruisers of Sir [[David Beatty]] at the [[Battle of the Dogger Bank]].
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He was promoted to the rank of {{CommRN}} dated 1 January, 1903.{{Gaz|27512|4|2 January, 1903}}  On 24 February he married Sarah Angela Mary Margaret, daughter of Matthew Corbally, J.P., of Rathbeale Hall, Swords, County Dublin; they had one son and two daughters.
  
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On intercepting the ‘enemy sighted’ signal on 31 May, 1916 which heralded the [[Battle of Jutland]], Tyrwhitt put to sea with the Harwich Force only to be recalled by signal from the Admiralty. Eventually he was permitted to sail, but arrived on the scene too late to take any part in the action. In the German fleet operation of 19 August, 1916, which was to be a bombardment of Sunderland, the ships of the Harwich force were the only British vessels to sight the German fleet. [[Scheer]], the German commander-in-chief, ordered a withdrawal before the bombardment could take place and it was as the enemy retired that Tyrwhitt sighted them. He was in chase until nightfall, but as his only chance of making an attack on them would be after the moon had risen, he was forced to draw off before bringing them to action. In uninformed circles Tyrwhitt was later criticized for failing to press an attack home, but virtual suicide was no part of his plan and his action in withdrawing was upheld by both [[Sir John Jellicoe]] and the Admiralty.
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In 1904, Tyrwhitt was informed that he had misinterpreted regulations and that this had precipitated, in part, a collision between {{UK-Arun}} and {{UK-TB87}}, but that no blame was to be attached to him.<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}} f. 125.</ref>  However, on 13 August, 1904, {{UK-Arun}} again collided, this time sinking the destroyer {{UK-1Decoy}} during night exercises off the Scilly Islands, killing one of ''Decoy's'' crew in the process.  A Court Martial found that Tyrwhitt had hazarded the two vessels and he was reprimanded in the affair.<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/89.|}} f. 41.</ref>{{HepperLosses|pp. 17, 18}}
  
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In 1917 and 1918 the Harwich force engaged in several small-scale actions, mainly off the Dutch coast or in co-operation with the destroyers of the Dover patrol, and as the covering force for naval air attacks on enemy installations. After the armistice it was Tyrwhitt's Harwich force which accepted the surrender of the German U-boats.
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On 30 June, 1908, Tyrwhitt was promoted to the rank of {{CaptRN}}.{{GazSup|28151|4644|26 June, 1908}}
  
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==Post-War==
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He was placed in command of {{UK-Topaze}} as Captain (D) of the {{UK-DF|4}} on 10 August, 1909. Superseded in her on 5 August, 1910, he took a Signal Course and then was appointed in command of {{UK-Bacchante}} as Flag Captain in the Mediterranean on 26 September, 1910.  He would stay there until 27 February, 1912.<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43}}. f. 125.</ref>
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Tyrwhitt was appointed to the D.S.O. in 1916 and in 1917 promoted K.C.B. He was created a baronet in 1919 and granted £10,000 by Parliament for his services during the war.  He received many foreign decorations and an honorary degree of D.C.L. from Oxford (1919).
 
  
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After the war Tyrwhitt was appointed senior officer at Gibraltar and in 1921 he returned to sea as flag officer commanding the Tirdrd Light Cruiser Squadron in the Mediterranean.  He was commanding officer, coast of Scotland, and [[Admiral Superintendent, Rosyth Dockyard]] in 1923–5 and in 1925 was promoted {{ViceRN}}.  He was [[Commander-in-Chief, China Station]], from 1927 to 1929, serving there with great tact and distinction during the threat to the international settlement at Shanghai during the Chinese civil war.  He was promoted {{AdmRN}} on relinquishing command in China and was also promoted G.C.B.  In 1930–33 he was [[Commander-in-Chief at the Nore]], becoming first and principal naval aide-de-camp to the King in 1932.  In 1934, being the senior admiral on the list, he was promoted {{FleetRN}} when a vacancy occurred.  During the Second World War, at the age of seventy, he joined the Home Guard in 1940 and for a short time commanded the Third Kent battalion.
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Directly from ''Bacchante'', he was appointed as Flag Captain for {{UK-CS|6}} in {{UK-GoodHope}}, ending on 10 August, 1912, when he became Captain (D) of {{UK-DF|2}}, flying his flag in {{UK-Bellona}}.{{NMI|Friday, 26 July, 1912.  Issue '''39961''', col C, p. 12}}
  
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Tyrwhitt died at Ellenden, Sandhurst, Kent, on [[30 May]], [[1951]], and was succeeded as second baronet by his son, St. John Reginald Joseph (1905–1961), who also entered the Royal Navy, becoming [[Second Sea Lord]] in 1959.  His elder daughter, Mary Tyrwhitt, retired as director of the Women's Royal Army Corps in 1950.
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On 1 December, 1913 Tyrwhitt succeeded Commodore [[Cecil Foley Lambert|Lambert]] as Captain (T) in command of the destroyer flotillas of the First Fleet, taking command of the {{UK-Amethyst|f=t}}.{{NLApr14|p. 278}}
  
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'''Wealth at death;''' £11,562 4''s''. 9''d''.: Probate; [[29 August]], [[1951]].
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On 28 April, 1914 he was appointed {{Com2RN}}.<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}} f. 125.</ref>
  
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[[Category:1870 births|Tyrwhitt]]
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==Great War==
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[[Category:1951 deaths|Tyrwhitt]]
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In August 1914, Tyrwhitt was placed in command of the {{UK-1Arethusa|f=t}}.
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[[Category:Personalities|Tyrwhitt]]
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[[Category:Royal Navy Admirals of the Fleet|Tyrwhitt]]
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In the April ''Supplement to the Monthly Navy List'', Tyrwhitt's command is described for the first time as the "Harwich Striking Force,"{{SMNLApr15|p. 13}} composed of the [[Third Destroyer Flotilla (Royal Navy)|Third]] and [[Tenth Destroyer Flotilla (Royal Navy)|Tenth Destroyer Flotillas]] and the {{UK-SF|8}}.  In May he was assigned two completing light cruisers, which with the two under his authority would give him the command of the {{UK-LCS|5}}.{{SMNLMay15|p. 13}}
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[[Category:Royal Navy Flag Officers|Tyrwhitt]]
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He was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order (D.S.O.) on 3 June, 1916.{{GazSup|29608|5563|3 June, 1916}}
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On 15 July, 1917, Tyrwhitt was appointed an Additional Member of the Second Class, or Knight Commander, in the Order of the Bath (K.C.B.).{{Gaz|30186|7125|17 July, 1917}}  He was not, as Temple Patterson claims, only the second Post Captain to receive this accolade and the first in seventy-eight years.<ref>Temple Patterson.  p. 190.</ref>  Two recent examples had been the knighting of Captain [[Robert Henry More Molyneux|Robert Molyneux]] in 1885 and Captain [[Colin Richard Keppel|Colin Keppel]] in 1908.
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On 8 January, 1918, Tyrwhitt was appointed Acting {{RearRN}}.<ref name=Record125>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  The National Archives.  ADM 196/43.  p. 125.</ref>
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==Post-War & Retirement==
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On 5 July, 1919, Tyrwhitt was appointed Senior Officer, [[Gibraltar]], taking command on the 10th.{{NLJan21|p. 698}}
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On 2 December, 1919 Tyrwhitt was confirmed in the rank of Rear-Admiral, vice [[Edward Henry Fitzhardinge Heaton-Ellis|Heaton-Ellis]].{{Gaz|31698|15745|19 December, 1919}}  He was given the baronetcy of Terschelling and of the City of Oxford on 13 December, 1919, and received a grant from Parliament of £10,000 (over £180,000 in early-2000s terms).<ref>''Burke's Peerage and Baronetage''.  '''III'''.  p. 3968.</ref>  He received many foreign decorations and an honorary degree of D.C.L. from Oxford (1919).
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Tyrwhitt was promoted to the rank of {{ViceRN}} on 18 January, 1925, vice [[Henry Bertram Pelly|Pelly]].{{Gaz|33015|591|27 January, 1925}}
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Tyrwhitt was promoted to the rank of {{AdmRN}} on 27 February, 1929, vice [[Richard Webb|Webb]].{{Gaz|33474|1575|5 March, 1929}}
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He was promoted to the rank of {{FleetRN}} on 31 July, 1934, vice [[Osmond de Beauvoir Brock|Brock]].{{Gaz|34076|5054|7 August, 1934}}
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He was placed on the Retired List on 31 July, 1939.{{Gaz|34651|5393|4 August, 1939}}
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As the result of the King approving that Admirals of the Fleet should in future be borne on the Active List of the Royal Navy for life, on 4 March, 1940, Tyrwhitt was replaced on the Active List with seniority of 31 July, 1934.{{Gaz|34807|1394|8 March, 1940}}
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Tyrwhitt died at Ellenden, Sandhurst, Kent, on 30 May, 1951, from perforation of the duodenum causing peritonitis.
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Tyrwhitt's papers were last known to be in the possession of his son's widow, Lady Nancy Agnew, who died in 2010.
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==Bibliography==
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{{refbegin}}
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*"Adm. of the Fleet Sir Reginald Tyrwhitt" (Obituaries).  ''The Times''.  Thursday, 31 May, 1951.  Issue '''52015''', col G, p. 8.
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*"Admiral of the Fleet Sir Reginald Tyrwhitt" (Obituaries).  ''The Times''.  Wednesday, 27 June, 1951.  Issue '''52038''', col F, p. 8.
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*Temple Patterson, Alfred (1973).  ''Tyrwhitt of the Harwich Force: The Life of Admiral of the Fleet Sir Reginald Tyrwhitt''.  London: Macdonald and Jane's.  ISBN 0-356-04530-7.
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{{refend}}
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==Papers==
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{{refbegin}}
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*See main text.
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{{refend}}
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==Service Records==
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{{refbegin}}
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*{{ADM196|89|D8115566}}
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*{{ADM196|43|D7576535}}
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{{refend}}
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<div name=fredbot:appts>{{TabApptsBegin}}
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{{TabNaval}}
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{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''New Command'''|'''[[H.M.S. Hart (1895)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Hart'']]'''<br>14 Jan, 1896<ref>"Naval & Military Intelligence".  ''The Times''.  Friday, 10 January, 1896.  Issue '''34783''', col D, p. 8.</ref><ref>Trywhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 18 Aug, 1896|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Hastings Frank Shakespear|Hastings F. Shakespear]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M.S. Ranger (1895)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Ranger'']]'''<br>18 Aug, 1896<ref>Trywhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 18 Nov, 1896<ref>Trywhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Ernest Kindersley Loring|Ernest K. Loring]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Sydney Stewart Hall|Sydney S. Hall]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Gipsy (1897)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Gipsy'']]'''<br>12 Jan, 1904<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 10 Feb, 1904<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Cecil Foley Lambert|Cecil F. Lambert]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Walter John Challoner Lake|Walter J. C. Lake]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Sprightly (1900)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Sprightly'']]'''<br>11 Feb, 1904<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 13 Apr, 1904<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Ernest Sausmarez Carey|Ernest S. Carey]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M.S. Arun (1903)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Arun'']]'''<br>13 Apr, 1904<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 29 Aug, 1904<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Charles La Primaudaye Lewin|Charles La P. Lewin]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Harold Granville Grenfell|Harold G. Grenfell]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Waveney (1903)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Waveney'']]'''<br>29 Aug, 1904<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 12 Jan, 1906<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[John Gilbert de Odingsells Coke|John G. de O. Coke]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M.S. Attentive (1904)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Attentive'']]'''<br>12 Jan, 1906<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 2 Jan, 1907<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Lewis Bayly|Lewis Bayly]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Walter Henry Cowan, First Baronet|Walter H. Cowan]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Skirmisher (1905)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Skirmisher'']]'''<br>2 Jan, 1907<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 2 Jan, 1908<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Edward Reeves|Edward Reeves]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[John Nicholas|John Nicholas]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Hecla (1878)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Hecla'']]'''<br>6 Aug, 1908<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}}  f. 125.</ref>{{NLJul09|p. 325}} &ndash; 10 Aug, 1909<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}}  f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Francis Martin Leake|Francis M. Leake]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Francis Martin Leake|Francis M. Leake]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Topaze (1903)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Topaze'']]'''<br>10 Aug, 1909<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}}  f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 5 Aug, 1910<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}}  f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Mortimer L'Estrange Silver|Mortimer L'E. Silver]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[Fourth Destroyer Flotilla (Royal Navy)|Captain (D), Fourth Destroyer Flotilla]]'''<br>10 Aug, 1909<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}}  f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 5 Aug, 1910<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}}  f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Mortimer L'Estrange Silver|Mortimer L'E. Silver]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[William George Elmhirst Ruck-Keene|William G. E. Ruck-Keene]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Bacchante (1901)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Bacchante'']]'''<br>26 Sep, 1910<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}}  f. 125.</ref>{{NLApr11|p. 281}} &ndash; 27 Feb, 1912<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}}  f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Charles Douglas Carpendale|Charles D. Carpendale]]'''}}
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{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Charles Douglas Carpendale|Charles D. Carpendale]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Good Hope (1901)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Good Hope'']]'''<br>27 Feb, 1912<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}}  f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 1 Jun, 1912<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}}  f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Richard Fortescue Phillimore|Richard F. Phillimore]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Hubert George Brand|The Hon. Hubert G. Brand]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Bellona (1909)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Bellona'']]'''<br>10 Aug, 1912<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}}  f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 5 Jul, 1913<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}}  f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Percy Molyneux Rawson Royds|Percy M. R. Royds]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Hubert George Brand|The Hon. Hubert G. Brand]]'''|'''[[Second Destroyer Flotilla (Royal Navy)|Captain (D), Second Destroyer Flotilla]]'''<br>10 Aug, 1912<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}}  f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 1 Dec, 1913<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}}  f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[James Uchtred Farie|James U. Farie]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Harry Louis d'Estoteville Skipwith|Harry L. d'E. Skipwith]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Blake (1889)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Blake'']]'''<br>5 Jul, 1913<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}}  f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 28 Aug, 1913|Succeeded by<br>'''[[John Barnes Sparks|John B. Sparks]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Gerald Thomas Fleetwood Pike|Gerald T. F. Pike]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Adventure (1904)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Adventure'']]'''<br>28 Aug, 1913<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}}  f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 1 Dec, 1913<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}}  f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[James Uchtred Farie|James U. Farie]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Cecil Foley Lambert|Cecil F. Lambert]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Amethyst (1903)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Amethyst'']]'''<br>1 Dec, 1913<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}}  f. 125.</ref> &ndash; Aug, 1914<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}}  f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Bertram Sackville Thesiger|Bertram S. Thesiger]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''New Command'''|'''[[Harwich Force|Rear-Admiral Commanding, Harwich Force]]'''<br>27 Apr, 1914{{SMNLJan15|p. 6}} &ndash; 1 May, 1919<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}}  f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[George Holmes Borrett|George H. Borrett]]'''}}
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{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Heathcoat Salusbury Grant|Sir Heathcoat S. Grant]]'''|'''[[Gibraltar|Senior Officer, Gibraltar]]'''<br>5 Jul, 1919{{NLJan21|p. 698}}<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}}  f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Henry Bertram Pelly|Henry B. Pelly]]'''<br><small>as '''Rear-Admiral in Charge, Gibraltar'''</small>}}
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{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[George Price Webley Hope|Sir George P. W. Hope]]'''<br><small>as '''Vice-Admiral Commanding, Third Light Cruiser Squadron'''</small>|'''[[Third Light Cruiser Squadron (Royal Navy)|Rear-Admiral Commanding, Third Light Cruiser Squadron]]'''<br>19 Jan, 1921<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}}  f. 125.</ref> &ndash; 11 Dec, 1922<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}}  f. 125.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Alfred Ernle Montacute Chatfield, First Baron Chatfield|Sir Alfred Ernle Montacute Chatfield]]'''}}
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{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[John Frederick Ernest Green|Sir John F. E. Green]]'''|'''[[Rosyth Royal Dockyard|Admiral Superintendent of Rosyth Dockyard]]'''<br>1 Apr, 1922<ref>"Naval and Military" (Official Appointments and Notices).  ''The Times''.  Monday, 27 March, 1922.  Issue '''42990''', col A, p. 23.</ref> &ndash; 1923|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Walter Henry Cowan, First Baronet|Sir Walter H. Cowan]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[John Frederick Ernest Green|Sir John F. E. Green]]'''|'''[[Coast of Scotland Station|Commander-in-Chief, Coast of Scotland]]'''<br>? &ndash; 30 Jun, 1925<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.|}}  f. 126.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Walter Henry Cowan, First Baronet|Sir Walter H. Cowan]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Edwyn Sinclair Alexander-Sinclair, Twelfth Laird of Freswick|Sir Edwyn S. Alexander-Sinclair]]'''|'''[[China Station|Commander-in-Chief, China Station]]'''<br>8 Nov, 1926<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/89.}}  f. 41.</ref> &ndash; 13 Nov, 1928<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/89.}}  f. 41.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Arthur Kipling Waistell|Sir Arthur K. Waistell]]'''}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Edwyn Sinclair Alexander-Sinclair, Twelfth Laird of Freswick|Sir Edwyn S. Alexander-Sinclair]]'''|'''[[Nore Station|Commander-in-Chief at the Nore]]'''<br>16 May, 1930<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}}  p. 249.</ref> &ndash; 16 May, 1933<ref>Tyrwhitt Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/89.}}  f. 41.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Hugh Justin Tweedie|Sir Hugh J. Tweedie]]'''}}
 +
{{TabCourt}}
 +
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Hubert George Brand|The Hon. Sir Hubert G. Brand]]'''|'''[[First and Principal Naval Aide-de-Camp|First and Principal Naval Aide-de-Camp]]'''<br>10 Oct, 1932{{Gaz|33872|6416|11 October, 1932}}|Succeeded by<br>'''?'''}}
 +
{{TabEnd}}
 +
</div name=fredbot:appts>
 +
 
 +
==Footnotes==
 +
{{reflist}}
 +
 
 +
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tyrwhitt, Reginald}}
 +
 
 +
{{CatPerson|UK|1870|1951}}
 +
{{CatBritannia|July, 1883}}
 +
[[Category:Commanding Officers, Coast of Scotland and Admirals Superintendent of Rosyth Dockyard]]
 +
{{CatAdmOfTheFleet|UK}}
 +
{{CatRN}}

Latest revision as of 16:39, 7 April 2022

Tyrwhitt as a Rear-Admiral
© National Portrait Gallery, London.

Admiral of the Fleet SIR Reginald Yorke Tyrwhitt, First Baronet, G.C.B., D.S.O., D.C.L., Royal Navy (10 May, 1870 – 30 May, 1951) was an officer of the Royal Navy during the First World War.

Early Life & Career

He was educated for a year at Burney's at Gosport, and passed into the Britannia on his second attempt, thirty-third out of thirty-four.[1]

He was confirmed in the rank of Sub-Lieutenant dated 14 March, 1890.[2]

He was appointed to the first class protected cruiser Blake on 2 February, 1892,[3] but was appointed to Pilot on 25 March.[4]

On 1 July, 1892, he was appointed to the royal yacht Victoria and Albert II along with David Beatty.[5]

Tyrwhitt was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant on 25 August, 1892.[6] and was appointed to Cleopatra on 21 September, 1892.[7]

He was promoted to the rank of Commander dated 1 January, 1903.[8] On 24 February he married Sarah Angela Mary Margaret, daughter of Matthew Corbally, J.P., of Rathbeale Hall, Swords, County Dublin; they had one son and two daughters.

In 1904, Tyrwhitt was informed that he had misinterpreted regulations and that this had precipitated, in part, a collision between Arun and T.B. 87, but that no blame was to be attached to him.[9] However, on 13 August, 1904, Arun again collided, this time sinking the destroyer Decoy during night exercises off the Scilly Islands, killing one of Decoy's crew in the process. A Court Martial found that Tyrwhitt had hazarded the two vessels and he was reprimanded in the affair.[10][11]

On 30 June, 1908, Tyrwhitt was promoted to the rank of Captain.[12]

He was placed in command of Topaze as Captain (D) of the Fourth Destroyer Flotilla on 10 August, 1909. Superseded in her on 5 August, 1910, he took a Signal Course and then was appointed in command of Bacchante as Flag Captain in the Mediterranean on 26 September, 1910. He would stay there until 27 February, 1912.[13]

Directly from Bacchante, he was appointed as Flag Captain for Sixth Cruiser Squadron in Good Hope, ending on 10 August, 1912, when he became Captain (D) of Second Destroyer Flotilla, flying his flag in Bellona.[14]

On 1 December, 1913 Tyrwhitt succeeded Commodore Lambert as Captain (T) in command of the destroyer flotillas of the First Fleet, taking command of the third class protected cruiser Amethyst.[15]

On 28 April, 1914 he was appointed Commodore, Second Class.[16]

Great War

In August 1914, Tyrwhitt was placed in command of the light cruiser Arethusa.

In the April Supplement to the Monthly Navy List, Tyrwhitt's command is described for the first time as the "Harwich Striking Force,"[17] composed of the Third and Tenth Destroyer Flotillas and the Eighth Submarine Flotilla. In May he was assigned two completing light cruisers, which with the two under his authority would give him the command of the Fifth Light Cruiser Squadron.[18]

He was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order (D.S.O.) on 3 June, 1916.[19]

On 15 July, 1917, Tyrwhitt was appointed an Additional Member of the Second Class, or Knight Commander, in the Order of the Bath (K.C.B.).[20] He was not, as Temple Patterson claims, only the second Post Captain to receive this accolade and the first in seventy-eight years.[21] Two recent examples had been the knighting of Captain Robert Molyneux in 1885 and Captain Colin Keppel in 1908.

On 8 January, 1918, Tyrwhitt was appointed Acting Rear-Admiral.[22]

Post-War & Retirement

On 5 July, 1919, Tyrwhitt was appointed Senior Officer, Gibraltar, taking command on the 10th.[23]

On 2 December, 1919 Tyrwhitt was confirmed in the rank of Rear-Admiral, vice Heaton-Ellis.[24] He was given the baronetcy of Terschelling and of the City of Oxford on 13 December, 1919, and received a grant from Parliament of £10,000 (over £180,000 in early-2000s terms).[25] He received many foreign decorations and an honorary degree of D.C.L. from Oxford (1919).

Tyrwhitt was promoted to the rank of Vice-Admiral on 18 January, 1925, vice Pelly.[26]

Tyrwhitt was promoted to the rank of Admiral on 27 February, 1929, vice Webb.[27]

He was promoted to the rank of Admiral of the Fleet on 31 July, 1934, vice Brock.[28]

He was placed on the Retired List on 31 July, 1939.[29]

As the result of the King approving that Admirals of the Fleet should in future be borne on the Active List of the Royal Navy for life, on 4 March, 1940, Tyrwhitt was replaced on the Active List with seniority of 31 July, 1934.[30]

Tyrwhitt died at Ellenden, Sandhurst, Kent, on 30 May, 1951, from perforation of the duodenum causing peritonitis.

Tyrwhitt's papers were last known to be in the possession of his son's widow, Lady Nancy Agnew, who died in 2010.

Bibliography

  • "Adm. of the Fleet Sir Reginald Tyrwhitt" (Obituaries). The Times. Thursday, 31 May, 1951. Issue 52015, col G, p. 8.
  • "Admiral of the Fleet Sir Reginald Tyrwhitt" (Obituaries). The Times. Wednesday, 27 June, 1951. Issue 52038, col F, p. 8.
  • Temple Patterson, Alfred (1973). Tyrwhitt of the Harwich Force: The Life of Admiral of the Fleet Sir Reginald Tyrwhitt. London: Macdonald and Jane's. ISBN 0-356-04530-7.

Papers

  • See main text.

Service Records

Naval Appointments
Preceded by
New Command 		Captain of H.M.S. Hart
14 Jan, 1896[31][32] – 18 Aug, 1896 		Succeeded by
Hastings F. Shakespear
Preceded by
? 		Captain of H.M.S. Ranger
18 Aug, 1896[33] – 18 Nov, 1896[34] 		Succeeded by
Ernest K. Loring
Preceded by
Sydney S. Hall 		Captain of H.M.S. Gipsy
12 Jan, 1904[35] – 10 Feb, 1904[36] 		Succeeded by
Cecil F. Lambert
Preceded by
Walter J. C. Lake 		Captain of H.M.S. Sprightly
11 Feb, 1904[37] – 13 Apr, 1904[38] 		Succeeded by
Ernest S. Carey
Preceded by
? 		Captain of H.M.S. Arun
13 Apr, 1904[39] – 29 Aug, 1904[40] 		Succeeded by
Charles La P. Lewin
Preceded by
Harold G. Grenfell 		Captain of H.M.S. Waveney
29 Aug, 1904[41] – 12 Jan, 1906[42] 		Succeeded by
John G. de O. Coke
Preceded by
? 		Captain of H.M.S. Attentive
12 Jan, 1906[43] – 2 Jan, 1907[44] 		Succeeded by
Lewis Bayly
Preceded by
Walter H. Cowan 		Captain of H.M.S. Skirmisher
2 Jan, 1907[45] – 2 Jan, 1908[46] 		Succeeded by
Edward Reeves
Preceded by
John Nicholas 		Captain of H.M.S. Hecla
6 Aug, 1908[47][48] – 10 Aug, 1909[49] 		Succeeded by
Francis M. Leake
Preceded by
Francis M. Leake 		Captain of H.M.S. Topaze
10 Aug, 1909[50] – 5 Aug, 1910[51] 		Succeeded by
Mortimer L'E. Silver
Preceded by
? 		Captain (D), Fourth Destroyer Flotilla
10 Aug, 1909[52] – 5 Aug, 1910[53] 		Succeeded by
Mortimer L'E. Silver
Preceded by
William G. E. Ruck-Keene 		Captain of H.M.S. Bacchante
26 Sep, 1910[54][55] – 27 Feb, 1912[56] 		Succeeded by
Charles D. Carpendale
Preceded by
Charles D. Carpendale 		Captain of H.M.S. Good Hope
27 Feb, 1912[57] – 1 Jun, 1912[58] 		Succeeded by
Richard F. Phillimore
Preceded by
The Hon. Hubert G. Brand 		Captain of H.M.S. Bellona
10 Aug, 1912[59] – 5 Jul, 1913[60] 		Succeeded by
Percy M. R. Royds
Preceded by
The Hon. Hubert G. Brand 		Captain (D), Second Destroyer Flotilla
10 Aug, 1912[61] – 1 Dec, 1913[62] 		Succeeded by
James U. Farie
Preceded by
Harry L. d'E. Skipwith 		Captain of H.M.S. Blake
5 Jul, 1913[63] – 28 Aug, 1913 		Succeeded by
John B. Sparks
Preceded by
Gerald T. F. Pike 		Captain of H.M.S. Adventure
28 Aug, 1913[64] – 1 Dec, 1913[65] 		Succeeded by
James U. Farie
Preceded by
Cecil F. Lambert 		Captain of H.M.S. Amethyst
1 Dec, 1913[66] – Aug, 1914[67] 		Succeeded by
Bertram S. Thesiger
Preceded by
New Command 		Rear-Admiral Commanding, Harwich Force
27 Apr, 1914[68] – 1 May, 1919[69] 		Succeeded by
George H. Borrett
Preceded by
Sir Heathcoat S. Grant 		Senior Officer, Gibraltar
5 Jul, 1919[70][71] 		Succeeded by
Henry B. Pelly
as Rear-Admiral in Charge, Gibraltar
Preceded by
Sir George P. W. Hope
as Vice-Admiral Commanding, Third Light Cruiser Squadron 		Rear-Admiral Commanding, Third Light Cruiser Squadron
19 Jan, 1921[72] – 11 Dec, 1922[73] 		Succeeded by
Sir Alfred Ernle Montacute Chatfield
Preceded by
Sir John F. E. Green 		Admiral Superintendent of Rosyth Dockyard
1 Apr, 1922[74] – 1923 		Succeeded by
Sir Walter H. Cowan
Preceded by
Sir John F. E. Green 		Commander-in-Chief, Coast of Scotland
? – 30 Jun, 1925[75] 		Succeeded by
Sir Walter H. Cowan
Preceded by
Sir Edwyn S. Alexander-Sinclair 		Commander-in-Chief, China Station
8 Nov, 1926[76] – 13 Nov, 1928[77] 		Succeeded by
Sir Arthur K. Waistell
Preceded by
Sir Edwyn S. Alexander-Sinclair 		Commander-in-Chief at the Nore
16 May, 1930[78] – 16 May, 1933[79] 		Succeeded by
Sir Hugh J. Tweedie
Court Appointments
Preceded by
The Hon. Sir Hubert G. Brand 		First and Principal Naval Aide-de-Camp
10 Oct, 1932[80] 		Succeeded by
?

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Temple Patterson. Tyrwhitt of the Harwhich Force. p. 5.
  2. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 26224. p. 5986. 17 November, 1891.
  3. ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence." The Times (London, England), Tuesday, Jan 19, 1892; pg. 7; Issue 33538.
  4. ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence." The Times (London, England), Monday, Mar 21, 1892; pg. 6; Issue 33591.
  5. ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence." The Times (London, England), Wednesday, Jun 29, 1892; pg. 12; Issue 33677. .
  6. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 26322. p. 5016. 2 September, 1892.
  7. ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence." The Times (London, England), Friday, Sep 09, 1892; pg. 4; Issue 33739.
  8. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27512. p. 4. 2 January, 1903.
  9. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  10. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/89. f. 41.
  11. ↑ Hepper. British Warship Losses in the Ironclad Era: 1860-1919. pp. 17, 18.
  12. ↑ The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 28151. p. 4644. 26 June, 1908.
  13. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  14. ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence." The Times (London, England), Friday, 26 July, 1912. Issue 39961, col C, p. 12.
  15. ↑ The Navy List. (April, 1914). p. 278.
  16. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  17. ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (April, 1915). p. 13.
  18. ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (May, 1915). p. 13.
  19. ↑ The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 29608. p. 5563. 3 June, 1916.
  20. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 30186. p. 7125. 17 July, 1917.
  21. ↑ Temple Patterson. p. 190.
  22. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. p. 125.
  23. ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1921). p. 698.
  24. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 31698. p. 15745. 19 December, 1919.
  25. ↑ Burke's Peerage and Baronetage. III. p. 3968.
  26. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 33015. p. 591. 27 January, 1925.
  27. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 33474. p. 1575. 5 March, 1929.
  28. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 34076. p. 5054. 7 August, 1934.
  29. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 34651. p. 5393. 4 August, 1939.
  30. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 34807. p. 1394. 8 March, 1940.
  31. ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence". The Times. Friday, 10 January, 1896. Issue 34783, col D, p. 8.
  32. ↑ Trywhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  33. ↑ Trywhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  34. ↑ Trywhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  35. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  36. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  37. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  38. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  39. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  40. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  41. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  42. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  43. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  44. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  45. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  46. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  47. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  48. ↑ The Navy List. (July, 1909). p. 325.
  49. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  50. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  51. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  52. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  53. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  54. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  55. ↑ The Navy List. (April, 1911). p. 281.
  56. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  57. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  58. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  59. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  60. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  61. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  62. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  63. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  64. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  65. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  66. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  67. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  68. ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (January, 1915). p. 6.
  69. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  70. ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1921). p. 698.
  71. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  72. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  73. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 125.
  74. ↑ "Naval and Military" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Monday, 27 March, 1922. Issue 42990, col A, p. 23.
  75. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 126.
  76. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/89. f. 41.
  77. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/89. f. 41.
  78. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. p. 249.
  79. ↑ Tyrwhitt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/89. f. 41.
  80. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 33872. p. 6416. 11 October, 1932.

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