Tenth Cruiser Squadron (Royal Navy)
The Tenth Cruiser Squadron was also known as Cruiser Force B from 1914.
Napier hauled down his flag at Sheerness on 26 July, 1914.[1]
During the course of its service the squadron intercepted 12,979 ships at sea while 2,039 ships reported to a port of examination. 642 evaded the blockade. The losses incurred were nine armed merchant cruisers sunk at the cost of 1,165 officers and men.[2]
In Command
Dates of appointment given:
- Rear-Admiral Edmund R. Pears, 15 July, 1913[3] – 29 June, 1914[4] (Commodore, Second Class)
- Rear-Admiral Charles L. Napier, 13 July, 1914 – 26 July, 1914[5] (initially as Rear-Admiral Commanding Tenth Cruiser Squadron)
- Rear-Admiral Sir Dudley R. S. de Chair, 1 August, 1914[6] – 6 March, 1916[7] (as Rear-Admiral Commanding, Cruiser Force B)
- Vice-Admiral Sir Reginald G. O. Tupper, 6 March, 1916[8] – 8 December, 1917[9]
- Rear-Admiral Gerald C. Dickens, 1 July, 1935[10] – c. August, 1935[11] (temporary, for the Jubilee Naval Review)
- Rear-Admiral Percy L. H. Noble, 8 March, 1928 – 8 January, 1930
- Rear-Admiral Cecil H. J. Harcourt, 4 October, 1942[12] – 25 November, 1942[13]
- Rear-Admiral Robert L. Burnett, 12 January, 1943 – 1 March, 1944
- Vice-Admiral Frederick H. G. Dalrymple-Hamilton, 3 March, 1944 – 8 April, 1945[14]
- Rear-Admiral Angus E. M. B. Cunninghame Graham, 8 April, 1945[15] – 1 August, 1946[16]
Second in Command
The officers who were second in command were generally given direct control of the Second Division.
- Captain Robert E. R. Benson, 11 November, 1914[17] – 17 May, 1916[18] (as Commodore, Second Class from 23 May 1915)
- Captain John S. Luard, April, 1916[19] – 2 April, 1917[20] (as Commodore, Second Class)
- Rear-Admiral Morgan Singer, 2 April, 1917[21] – 14 December, 1917[22]
Third in Command
The officers who were third in command were generally given direct control of the Third Division, which was instituted in August 1915 and disbanded in September, 1917.
- Captain Edward L. Booty, 12 November, 1914[23] (appointed Commodore, Second Class in 1915)
Composition
December, 1912
The Supplement to the Monthly Navy List shows a strength of six older Edgar class protected cruisers.[24]
| In Home and Atlantic Waters | ||||
| Cruisers | ||||
| Crescent | Edgar | Gibraltar | Grafton | Hawke |
| Royal Arthur | ||||
This same roster would appear in The December, 1913 list as well.[25]
July, 1914
The formation is attached to the Third Fleet, part of the Northern Patrol. Strength has been increased to eight by the arrival of Theseus and Endymion.[26]
| Third Fleet, part of the Northern Patrol | ||||
| Cruisers | ||||
| Crescent | Edgar | Gibraltar | Grafton | Hawke |
| Royal Arthur | Theseus | Endymion | ||
August, 1914
On 9 August, the former commercial liner Oceanic is commissioned as an Armed Merchant Cruiser, though misfortune would render his tenure here very brief.[27]
| Third Fleet, part of the Northern Patrol | ||||
| Cruisers | ||||
| Crescent | Edgar | Gibraltar | Grafton | Hawke |
| Royal Arthur | Theseus | Endymion | ||
| Armed Merchant Cruisers | ||||
| Oceanic | ||||
September, 1914
The formation is listed under Home and Atlantic Waters as "Cruiser Force B". The torpedo gunboat Dryad (fitted as a minesweeper) and the Armed Merchant Cruisers Alsatian and Mantua have been attached, while Oceanic has been lost as a wreck in the Shetlands on 8 September,[27] resulting in a strength of eight armoured cruisers, two A.M.Cs. and a torpedo gunboat. Crescent is designated as the flagship.[28]
| In Home and Atlantic Waters | ||||
| Armoured Cruisers | ||||
Crescent  |
Grafton | Edgar | Hawke | Gibraltar |
| Royal Arthur | Theseus | Endymion | ||
| Torpedo Gunboat / Minesweeper | ||||
| Dryad | ||||
| Armed Merchant Cruisers | ||||
| Alsatian | Mantua | |||
October, 1914
Hawke has been removed, sunk by U 9 on 15 October.[29] The armed merchant cruiser Teutonic has been added, having been commissioned in Liverpool on 12 September.[30]
| In Home and Atlantic Waters | |||||
| Armoured Cruisers | |||||
| Crescent |
Grafton | Edgar | Gibraltar | Royal Arthur | |
| Theseus | Endymion | ||||
| Torpedo Gunboat / Minesweeper | |||||
| Dryad | |||||
| Armed Merchant Cruisers | |||||
| Alsatian | Mantua | Teutonic | |||
This roster would last only a moment, as a huge influx of newly commissioned Armed Merchant Cruisers would be assigned to the Squadron as the armoured cruisers got swapped out.[31]
December, 1914
The seven Edgars have all been removed from the formation[32] and twenty newly fitted Armed Merchant Cruisers have joined, transforming the Squadron to a format better suited to long patrols in high seas where significant opposition is expected to be the exception. The Squadron is twenty-three A.M.Cs. and a single torpedo gunboat.[33]
| In Home and Atlantic Waters | |||||
| Armed Merchant Cruisers | |||||
| Alsatian |
Eskimo | Patia | Patuca | Bayano | |
| Caribbean | Orotava | Clan MacNaughton | Viknor | Digby | |
| Motagua | Mantua | Teutonic | Virginian | Cedric | |
| Otway | Changuinola | Calyx | Ambrose | Oropesa | |
| Columbella | Hildebrand | Hilary | |||
| Torpedo Gunboat / Minesweeper | |||||
| Dryad | |||||
This roster would apply until February or March.[34]
March, 1915
Dryad has left to be refit or join a squadron, and A.M.C. strength has frittered to nineteen.[35] Eskimo and Calyx have been dropped for unknown reasons, and two have been lost to mines or other causes: Viknor on 13 January, and Clan MacNaughton on 3 February.[36]
| In Home and Atlantic Waters | |||||
| Armed Merchant Cruisers | |||||
| Alsatian |
Patia | Patuca | Bayano | Caribbean | |
| Orotava | Digby | Motagua | Mantua | Teutonic | |
| Virginian | Cedric | Otway | Changuinola | Ambrose | |
| Oropesa | Columbella | Hildebrand | Hilary | ||
April, 1915
Bayano has been lost, torpedoed on 11 March,[37] reducing the strength to eighteen A.M.Cs..[38]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| Armed Merchant Cruisers | |||||
| Alsatian |
Ambrose | Caribbean | Changuinola | Cedric | |
| Columbella | Digby | Hilary | Hildebrand | Mantua | |
| Motagua | Oropesa | Orotava | Otway | Patia | |
| Patuca | Teutonic | Virginian | |||
This roster would apply until June.[39]
June, 1915
Caribbean has been removed, as she has been foudn unsuitable for mounting guns and been converted into an accommodation ship.[40]
Offsetting this loss, seven A.M.Cs. have arrived, increasing the strength to twenty-four. Victorian has come over from Cruiser Force I[41], and Alcantara, Arlanza, Andes, Ebro, India and Orcoma have arrived, having seemingly been freshly placed into service.[42]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| Armed Merchant Cruisers | |||||
| Alcantara | Arlanza | Alsatian |
Ambrose | Andes | |
| Changuinola | Cedric | Columbella | Digby | Ebro | |
| Hilary | Hildebrand | India | Mantua | Motagua | |
| Orcoma | Oropesa | Orotava | Otway | Patia | |
| Patuca | Teutonic | Victorian | Virginian | ||
This roster would apply until August.[43]
August, 1915
The membership has not changed, but the organization has. There are now three divisions, with Alsatian retaining her flagship role at the head of the First Division, with Cedric now sporting the Broad Pendant of Commodore, Second Class Robert E. R. Benson as head of the Second Division.[44]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Arlanza | Alcantara | Andes | ||
| Teutonic | Columbella | Virginian | India | ||
| Second Division | |||||
Cedric  |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Mantua | Changuinola | Patuca | Ebro | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway | Orcoma | Oropesa | Orotava | ||
| Hildebrand | Hilary | Digby | Ambrose | ||
September, 1915
India has been torpedoed and lost on 8 August,[27] and Otway now flies the Broad Pendant of Commodore, Second Class Edward L. Booty as leader of the Third Division. The strength is twenty-three A.M.Cs..[45]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Arlanza | Alcantara | Andes | ||
| Teutonic | Columbella | Virginian | |||
| Second Division | |||||
| Cedric |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Mantua | Changuinola | Patuca | Ebro | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Oropesa | Orotava | ||
| Hildebrand | Hilary | Digby | Ambrose | ||
October, 1915
Ambrose has been dropped from the Third Division, paid off. The strength is twenty-two A.M.Cs..[46]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Arlanza | Alcantara | Andes | ||
| Teutonic | Columbella | Virginian | |||
| Second Division | |||||
| Cedric |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Mantua | Changuinola | Patuca | Ebro | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Oropesa | Orotava | ||
| Hildebrand | Hilary | Digby | |||
November, 1915
Almanzora has joined the First Division, increasing the strength to twenty-three A.M.Cs..[47] Booty and Benson have apparently now been made Commodore, First Class.[48]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora | Arlanza | Alcantara | ||
| Andes | Teutonic | Columbella | Virginian | ||
| Second Division | |||||
Cedric  |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Mantua | Changuinola | Patuca | Ebro | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Oropesa | Orotava | ||
| Hildebrand | Hilary | Digby | |||
December, 1915
Oropesa and Digby have been dropped from the Third Division for unknown reasons. They would rejoin it in March, 1916 under their new names, Champagne and Artois, respectively. The strength is now twenty-one A.M.Cs..[49]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora | Arlanza | Alcantara | ||
| Andes | Teutonic | Columbella | Virginian | ||
| Second Division | |||||
| Cedric |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Mantua | Changuinola | Patuca | Ebro | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Orotava | Hildebrand | ||
| Hilary | |||||
This roster would apply through January, 1916.[50]
February, 1916
Second Division leader Cedric has been decommissioned to begin service as a troop ship. Accordingly, Teutonic moved over to the Second Division, where she is now bearing Commodore, First Class Benson. Moldavia and Gloucestershire are expected, but will not arrive until the coming month.
The strength is now twenty A.M.Cs., with two expected to join shortly.[51]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora | Arlanza | Alcantara | ||
| Andes | Columbella | Virginian | |||
| Second Division | |||||
| Teutonic |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Mantua | Changuinola | Patuca | Ebro | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Orotava | Hildebrand | ||
| Hilary | |||||
| Expected to Join | |||||
| Moldavia | Gloucestershire | ||||
March, 1916
Moldavia and Gloucestershire have joined and been placed into the First Division, replacing Arlanza which has left the Squadron (though she would return in November) and Alcantara, who was sunk on 29 February by the German Template:DE-Greif. Former members Digby and Oropesa have rejoined the Third Division under their new names, Artois and Champagne.
The strength is now twenty-two A.M.Cs..[52]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora | Andes | Columbella | ||
| Virginian | Moldavia | Gloucestershire | |||
| Second Division | |||||
| Teutonic |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Mantua | Changuinola | Patuca | Ebro | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Orotava | Hildebrand | ||
| Hilary | Artois | Champagne | |||
This roster would apply through May.[53]
June, 1916
Orvieto is expected to soon join the Third Division, though July's Supplement would show that she was still not actually in place.
The strength is now twenty-two A.M.Cs. with one expected.[54]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora | Andes | Columbella | ||
| Virginian | Moldavia | Gloucestershire | |||
| Second Division | |||||
| Teutonic |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Mantua | Changuinola | Patuca | Ebro | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Orotava | Hildebrand | ||
| Hilary | Artois | Champagne | Orvieto* | ||
August, 1916
The expected arrival, Orvieto, is joined up. The strength is now twenty-three A.M.Cs..[55]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora | Andes | Columbella | ||
| Virginian | Moldavia | Gloucestershire | |||
| Second Division | |||||
| Teutonic |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Mantua | Changuinola | Patuca | Ebro | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Orotava | Hildebrand | ||
| Hilary | Artois | Champagne | Orvieto | ||
September, 1916
Kildonan Castle is expected to join, though she would prove to take awhile in doing so. The strength is now twenty-three A.M.Cs. with one more expected.[56]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora | Andes | Columbella | ||
| Virginian | Moldavia | Gloucestershire | |||
| Second Division | |||||
| Teutonic |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Mantua | Changuinola | Patuca | Ebro | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Orotava | Hildebrand | ||
| Hilary | Artois | Champagne | Orvieto | ||
| Kildonan Castle* | |||||
October, 1916
Kildonan Castle has still not arrived, but Avenger has joined the First Division. The strength is now twenty-four A.M.Cs. with one more expected.[57]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora | Andes | Avenger | ||
| Columbella | Virginian | Moldavia | Gloucestershire | ||
| Second Division | |||||
| Teutonic |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Mantua | Changuinola | Patuca | Ebro | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Orotava | Hildebrand | ||
| Hilary | Artois | Champagne | Orvieto | ||
| Kildonan Castle* | |||||
November, 1916
Kildonan Castle has finally arrived. Mantua has left, to appear in the December Supplement as being somewhere in Home Waters with no clear assignment.[58] Former member Arlanza has is expected to rejoin the Squadron, bringing along veteran newcomer Armadale Castle, which had been "in Home Waters or on Detached Service" after nearly two years in the South Atlantic and the East Coast of Africa.[59]
The strength is now twenty-four A.M.Cs. with two more expected.[60]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora | Andes | Avenger | ||
| Columbella | Virginian | Moldavia | Gloucestershire | ||
| Second Division | |||||
| Teutonic |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Changuinola | Patuca | Ebro | |||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Orotava | Hildebrand | ||
| Hilary | Artois | Champagne | Orvieto | ||
| Kildonan Castle | Arlanza | Armadale Castle* | |||
December, 1916
Arlanza has arrived. Armadale Castle is still expected. The strength is now twenty-five A.M.Cs. with one more expected.[61]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora | Andes | Avenger | ||
| Columbella | Virginian | Moldavia | Gloucestershire | ||
| Second Division | |||||
| Teutonic |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Changuinola | Patuca | Ebro | |||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Orotava | Hildebrand | ||
| Hilary | Artois | Champagne | Orvieto | ||
| Kildonan Castle | Arlanza | Armadale Castle* | |||
January, 1917
Armadale Castle is still expected. Virginian has moved to the Second Division and replaced the Teutonic as its leader. Orotava has left and joined Cruiser Force I in the North Atlantic. The strength is now twenty-four A.M.Cs. with one more expected.[62]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora | Andes | Avenger | ||
| Columbella | Moldavia | Gloucestershire | |||
| Second Division | |||||
| Virginian |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Changuinola | Patuca | Ebro | Teutonic | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Hildebrand | Hilary | ||
| Artois | Champagne | Orvieto | Kildonan Castle | ||
| Arlanza | Armadale Castle* | ||||
This roster would apply for a month or two, after which significant shuffling would occur.[63]
March, 1917
Many ships have swapped Divisions. Teutonic has left the Squadron altogether (to reappear here two months later) while Armadale Castle has arrived. Orvieto has taken up the lead position in the Second Division. The strength is twenty-four A.M.Cs..[64]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora | Andes | Columbella | ||
| Moldavia | Gloucestershire | Kildonan Castle | Virginian | ||
| Second Division | |||||
| Orvieto |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Changuinola | Patuca | Avenger | Arlanza | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Hildebrand | Ebro | ||
| Hilary | Armadale Castle | Artois | Champagne | ||
This arrangement would apply until May.[65]
May, 1917
Teutonic has returned, joining the Second Division. The strength is twenty-five A.M.Cs..[66]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora | Andes | Columbella | ||
| Moldavia | Gloucestershire | Kildonan Castle | Virginian | ||
| Second Division | |||||
| Orvieto |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Changuinola | Patuca | Avenger | Arlanza | ||
| Teutonic | |||||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Hildebrand | Ebro | ||
| Hilary | Armadale Castle | Artois | Champagne | ||
June, 1917
Virginian has usurped the flagship duty for just the month. Hilary was torpedoed and lost on 25 May. The strength is twenty-four A.M.Cs..[67]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian | Almanzora | Andes | Columbella | ||
| Moldavia | Gloucestershire | Kildonan Castle | Virginian
| ||
| Second Division | |||||
| Orvieto |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Changuinola | Patuca | Avenger | Arlanza | ||
| Teutonic | |||||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Hildebrand | Ebro | ||
| Armadale Castle | Artois | Champagne | |||
July, 1917
Alsatian has resumed the flagship duty while Avenger has been lost to a torpedo on 14 June.
The strength is twenty-three A.M.Cs..[68]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora | Andes | Columbella | ||
| Moldavia | Gloucestershire | Kildonan Castle | Virginian | ||
| Second Division | |||||
| Orvieto |
Motagua | Victorian | Patia | ||
| Changuinola | Patuca | Arlanza | Teutonic | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Otway |
Orcoma | Hildebrand | Ebro | ||
| Armadale Castle | Artois | Champagne | |||
August, 1917
Patia has taken up the temporary role of flagship in the Second Division, flying the flag of Rear-Admiral Morgan Singer.
Otway was torpedoed on 23 July, though Commodore Colomb is still associated with the Squadron, his broad pendant is not being flown.
The strength is twenty-three A.M.Cs..[69]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
Alsatian  |
Almanzora | Andes | Columbella | ||
| Moldavia | Gloucestershire | Kildonan Castle | Virginian | ||
| Second Division | |||||
| Orvieto | Motagua | Victorian | Patia
| ||
| Changuinola | Patuca | Arlanza | Teutonic | ||
| Third Division | |||||
| Orcoma | Hildebrand | Ebro | Armadale Castle | ||
| Artois | Champagne | ||||
September, 1917
The Squadron has been reorganized into two divisions rather than three. Ten ships are detached, marked with stars below.
The strength is twenty-two A.M.Cs..[70]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora* | Armadale Castle* | Andes | ||
| Artois | Champagne | Gloucestershire* | Hildebrand | ||
| Kildonan Castle* | Teutonic | Virginian* | |||
| Second Division | |||||
| Orvieto |
Arlanza* | Changuinola | Columbella* | ||
| Ebro | Moldavia* | Motagua* | Orcoma | ||
| Patia | Patuca | Victorian* | |||
October, 1917
Patuca has now also been detached.
The strength is twenty-two A.M.Cs., eleven of whom are detached.[71]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora* | Armadale Castle* | Andes | ||
| Artois | Champagne | Gloucestershire* | Hildebrand | ||
| Kildonan Castle* | Teutonic | Virginian* | |||
| Second Division | |||||
| Orvieto |
Arlanza* | Changuinola | Columbella* | ||
| Ebro | Moldavia* | Motagua* | Orcoma | ||
| Patia | Patuca* | Victorian* | |||
November, 1917
Champagne was torpedoed on 9 October by U 96 and lost.[72] Artois has been detached.
The strength is twenty-one A.M.Cs., twelve of whom are detached.[73]
| Part of the Grand Fleet, conducting the Northern Patrol | |||||
| First Division | |||||
| Alsatian |
Almanzora* | Armadale Castle* | Andes | ||
| Artois* | Gloucestershire* | Hildebrand | Kildonan Castle* | ||
| Teutonic | Virginian* | ||||
| Second Division | |||||
| Orvieto |
Arlanza* | Changuinola | Columbella* | ||
| Ebro | Moldavia* | Motagua* | Orcoma | ||
| Patia | Patuca* | Victorian* | |||
December, 1917
| Squadron is disestablished | |||||
| Not to be re-instituted during the Dreadnought Era |
The Squadron is dissolved under this name.
Vice-Admiral Tupper has taken Alsatian as his flagship to the Second Cruiser Squadron, along with Orvieto and Teutonic. He is appointed in command of that Squadron on 8 December.[74]
Andes is "in Home Waters or on Detached Service". The other seventeen ships have joined the Atlantic Cruiser Forces as ocean escorts.[75]
Footnotes
- ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Monday, 27 July, 1914. Issue 40586, col B, p. 4.
- ↑ Osborne. Britain's Economic Blockade of Germany, 1914-1919. p. 166.
- ↑ Pears Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 86.
- ↑ Pears Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 86.
- ↑ Napier Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/20. f. 674.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (March, 1916). p. 7.
- ↑ De Chair Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 259.
- ↑ Tupper Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/39. f. 1337.
- ↑ Tupper Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/39. f. 1337.
- ↑ Dickens Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/45. f. 138.
- ↑ Dickens Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/45. f. 138.
- ↑ Harcourt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/54/7. f. 7.
- ↑ Harcourt Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/54/7. f. 7.
- ↑ Cunninghame Graham Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/55/46. f. 46.
- ↑ Cunninghame Graham Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/55/46. f. 46.
- ↑ Cunninghame Graham Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/55/46. f. 46.
- ↑ The Navy List. (October, 1915). p. 401h.
- ↑ Benson Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 240.
- ↑ The Navy List. (December, 1916). p. 398oo.
- ↑ Luard Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 313.
- ↑ Singer Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 220.
- ↑ Singer Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 220.
- ↑ The Navy List. (December, 1916). p. 401v.
- ↑ Albert Francis Barclay Bridges papers at The Caird Library at the National Maritime Museum. [BRG 1/1]
- ↑ Albert Francis Barclay Bridges papers at The Caird Library at the National Maritime Museum. [BRG 1/1]
- ↑ Albert Francis Barclay Bridges papers at The Caird Library at the National Maritime Museum. [BRG 1/1]
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 Email from Chris Bilham, 20200604.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (September 1914). p. 9.
- ↑ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. p. 66.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (October, 1914). p. 9.
- ↑ There was no edition of the Supplement issued in November 1914.
- ↑ TODO: determine where the Edgars went.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (December, 1914). p. 9.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (January, 1915). p. 9. No Supplement was found for February, 1915.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (March, 1915). pp. 11, 13.
- ↑ Dittmar; Colledge. British Warships 1914–1919. pp. 119, 121.
- ↑ Dittmar; Colledge. British Warships 1914–1919. p. 119.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (April, 1915). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (May, 1915). p. 10.
- ↑ Wikipedia.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (March, 1915). p. 12.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (June, 1915). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (July, 1915). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (August, 1915). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (September, 1915). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (October, 1915). pp. 10, 14.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (November, 1915). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (November, 1915). p. 7.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (December, 1915). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (January, 1916). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (March, 1916). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (March, 1916). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (April, 1916). p. 10 and May's Supplement.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (June, 1916). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (August, 1916). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (September, 1916). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (October, 1916). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (December, 1916). p. 14.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (September, 1916). p. 22.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (November, 1916). pp. 10, 14.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (December, 1916). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (January, 1917). pp. 10, 19.
- ↑ No Supplement for February 1917 was found.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (March, 1917). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (April, 1917). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (May, 1917). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (June, 1917). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (July, 1917). p. 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (August, 1917). pp. 7, 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (September, 1917). pp. 7, 10.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (October, 1917). p. 10.
- ↑ Dittmar; Colledge. British Warships 1914–1919. p. 120.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (November, 1917). p. 10.
- ↑ Tupper Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/39. f. 1337.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (December, 1917). pp. 7, 10, 14, 20.
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