Reginald Hugh Spencer Bacon: Difference between revisions

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==Early Life==
==Early Life==
Bacon was born in Wiggenholt, Sussex.


Having entered the navy in 1878, Bacon chose to specialise in a variety of areas dealing with innovations: from ship design to electricity to submarines (he conducted the first Royal Navy trials) to mining.   
Having entered the navy in 1878, Bacon chose to specialise in a variety of areas dealing with innovations: from ship design to electricity to submarines (he conducted the first Royal Navy trials) to mining.   
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On 11 July, 1893, Bacon was appointed to {{UK-TB81}} for the annual manoeuvres.<ref>"The Naval Manœuvres".  ''The Times''.  Monday, 10 July, 1893.  Issue '''33999''', col D, p. 10.</ref>
On 11 July, 1893, Bacon was appointed to {{UK-TB81}} for the annual manoeuvres.<ref>"The Naval Manœuvres".  ''The Times''.  Monday, 10 July, 1893.  Issue '''33999''', col D, p. 10.</ref>


He was promoted to the rank of {{CommRN}} on 30 June, 1895.<ref>''The London Gazette'': [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/26647/pages/4233 no. 26647.  p. 4233.]  26 July, 1895.</ref> He was thirty-one years, nine months and twenty-four days old at promotion.  He later claimed that he was the youngest of the lieutenants promoted in that batch.<ref>Bacon.  ''From 1900 Onwards''.  p. 22.</ref>  However, he was the second-youngest, after [[Arthur William Waymouth|Arthur W. Waymouth]].
He was promoted to the rank of {{CommRN}} on 30 June, 1895.{{Gaz|26647|4233|26 July, 1895}} He was thirty-one years, nine months and twenty-four days old at promotion.  He later claimed that he was the youngest of the lieutenants promoted in that batch.<ref>Bacon.  ''From 1900 Onwards''.  p. 22.</ref>  However, he was the second-youngest, after [[Arthur William Waymouth|Arthur W. Waymouth]].


For his services in Benin he was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order (D.S.O.) on 25 May, 1897.<ref>''The London Gazette'': [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/26856/pages/2928 no. 26856.  p. 2928.]  25 May, 1897.</ref>
For his services in Benin he was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order (D.S.O.) on 25 May, 1897.{{Gaz|26856|2928|25 May, 1897}}


==Captain==
==Captain==
Bacon was promoted to the rank of {{CaptRN}} on 30 June, 1900.<ref>''The London Gazette'': [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/27211/pages/4433 no. 27211.  p. 4433.]  17 July, 1900.</ref>  
Bacon was promoted to the rank of {{CaptRN}} on 30 June, 1900.{{Gaz|27211|4433|17 July, 1900}}  


On 23 March, 1901, Bacon was appointed to ''President'' for "Special Service" at the Admiralty,<ref>ADM 196/42.  f. 166.</ref> for, in his own words, "service with the submarine boats, on which work had already been commenced."<ref>Bacon.  ''From 1900 Onwards''.  p. 50.</ref>  He served on the staff of the Controller, with an office at the Admiralty.<ref>Ibid.  f. 54.</ref>
On 23 March, 1901, Bacon was appointed to ''President'' for "Special Service" at the Admiralty,<ref>ADM 196/42.  f. 166.</ref> for, in his own words, "service with the submarine boats, on which work had already been commenced."<ref>Bacon.  ''From 1900 Onwards''.  p. 50.</ref>  He served on the staff of the Controller, with an office at the Admiralty.<ref>Ibid.  f. 54.</ref>
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On 2 July, 1906, he was appointed in command of the {{UK-Dreadnought|f=y}}.<ref>ADM 196/42.  f. 262.</ref>
On 2 July, 1906, he was appointed in command of the {{UK-Dreadnought|f=y}}.<ref>ADM 196/42.  f. 262.</ref>


From 27 March, 1907, he was also appointed Chief of the Staff to the Commander-in-Chief, [[Home Fleet (Royal Navy)|Home Fleet]], [[Francis Charles Bridgeman Bridgeman|Francis C. B. Bridgeman]].  He was appointed a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (C.V.O.) on 3 August.<ref>''The London Gazette'': [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/28048/pages/5390 no. 28048.  p. 5390.]  6 August, 1907.</ref>
From 27 March, 1907, he was also appointed Chief of the Staff to the Commander-in-Chief, [[Home Fleet (Royal Navy)|Home Fleet]], [[Francis Charles Bridgeman Bridgeman|Francis C. B. Bridgeman]].  He was appointed a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (C.V.O.) on 3 August.{{Gaz|28048|5390|6 August, 1907}}


===Director of Naval Ordnance===
===Director of Naval Ordnance===
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==Rear-Admiral & Retirement==
==Rear-Admiral & Retirement==
On 12 July, 1909, he was promoted to the rank of {{RearRN}}, vice [[Charles Holcombe Dare|Dare]].<ref>''The London Gazette'': [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/28271/pages/5463 no. 28271.  p. 5463.]  16 July, 1909.</ref> In accordance with the provisions of the [[Order in Council of 8 December, 1903]], he was placed on the Retired List at his own request on 25 November.<ref>''The London Gazette'': [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/28313/pages/9123 no. 28313.  p. 9123.]  30 November, 1909.</ref>
On 12 July, 1909, he was promoted to the rank of {{RearRN}}, vice [[Charles Holcombe Dare|Dare]].{{Gaz|28271|5463|16 July, 1909}} In accordance with the provisions of the [[Order in Council of 8 December, 1903]], he was placed on the Retired List at his own request on 25 November.{{Gaz|28313|9123|30 November, 1909}}


By the year of his resignation from the navy - 1909 - he had reached the rank of Rear-Admiral, and settled into an entirely appropriate civilian career as Managing Director of the [[Coventry Ordnance Works]], having served his last two years as [[Director of Naval Ordnance (Royal Navy)|Director of Naval Ordnance]].
By the year of his resignation from the navy - 1909 - he had reached the rank of Rear-Admiral, and settled into an entirely appropriate civilian career as Managing Director of the [[Coventry Ordnance Works]], having served his last two years as [[Director of Naval Ordnance (Royal Navy)|Director of Naval Ordnance]].


==Great War==
==Great War==
The outbreak of [[First World War|war]] in August, 1914 brought Bacon's recall to active service and following a brief stint on the Western Front (using his own company's weaponry - a howitzer of his own design) as a [[Colonel, Second Commandant (Royal Marines)|Colonel, Second Commandant]] in the [[Royal Marine Artillery]] was handed command of the Dover Patrol the following April.  He relinquished his temporary commission as Colonel, Second Commandant on 13 April, 1915<ref>''The London Gazette'': [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/29136/pages/3828 no. 29136.  p. 3828.]  20 April, 1915.</ref> when he was appointed in command of the [[Dover Patrol (Royal Navy)|Dover Patrol]], hoisting his flag in the {{UK-Arrogant|f=t}}.<ref>''Supplement to the Monthly Navy List'' (November, 1915) p. 4.</ref>
The outbreak of [[First World War|war]] in August, 1914 brought Bacon's recall to active service and following a brief stint on the Western Front (using his own company's weaponry - a howitzer of his own design) as a [[Colonel, Second Commandant (Royal Marines)|Colonel, Second Commandant]] in the [[Royal Marine Artillery]] was handed command of the Dover Patrol the following April.  He relinquished his temporary commission as Colonel, Second Commandant on 13 April, 1915{{Gaz|29136|3828|20 April, 1915}} when he was appointed in command of the [[Dover Patrol (Royal Navy)|Dover Patrol]], hoisting his flag in the {{UK-Arrogant|f=t}}.{{SMNLNov15|p. 4}}


On 15 July, 1915, he was advanced to the rank of {{ViceRN}} on the Retired List.<ref>''The London Gazette'': [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/29236/pages/7073 no. 29236.  p. 7073.]  20 July, 1915.</ref>
On 15 July, 1915, he was advanced to the rank of {{ViceRN}} on the Retired List.{{Gaz|29236|7073|20 July, 1915}}
Bacon's task was apparently simple: to prevent German U-boat access to the English Channel, and to facilitate the despatch of supplies, both men and materials, across to the Western Front in France.
Bacon's task was apparently simple: to prevent German U-boat access to the English Channel, and to facilitate the despatch of supplies, both men and materials, across to the Western Front in France.


On 1 January, 1916, he was appointed an Additional Member of the Second Class, or Knight Commander, in the Military Division of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath (K.C.B.).<ref>''The London Gazette'': [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/29423/supplements/80 (Supplement) no. 29423.  p. 80.]  31 December, 1915.</ref> On 15 August he was appointed a Knight Commander in the Royal Victorian Order (K.C.V.O.) after the King visited the Army in France.<ref>''The London Gazette'': [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/29711/pages/8149 no. 29711.  p. 8149.]  18 August, 1916.</ref>
On 1 January, 1916, he was appointed an Additional Member of the Second Class, or Knight Commander, in the Military Division of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath (K.C.B.).{{GazSup|29423|80|31 December, 1915}} On 15 August he was appointed a Knight Commander in the Royal Victorian Order (K.C.V.O.) after the King visited the Army in France.{{Gaz|29711|8149|18 August, 1916}}


The Chief of the Admiralty War Staff of the time, later [[Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff]], [[Henry Francis Oliver|Sir Henry F. Oliver]], later recalled, "Bacon was most energetic and tireless, he slept in his Office and when anything happened at night in his command and I telephoned[,] the Secretary would tell me he had gone afloat.  He had the most exacting and arduous command of and Flag Officer in the War[,] and was very badly treated at the end of it.  Keyes intrigued against him and when Lord Westerwemyss [sic] became 1st Sea Lord[,] pushed him out and supplanted him."<ref>Oliver Memoirs.  '''II'''.  pp. 170-171.</ref>
The Chief of the Admiralty War Staff of the time, later [[Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff]], [[Henry Francis Oliver|Sir Henry F. Oliver]], later recalled, "Bacon was most energetic and tireless, he slept in his Office and when anything happened at night in his command and I telephoned[,] the Secretary would tell me he had gone afloat.  He had the most exacting and arduous command of and Flag Officer in the War[,] and was very badly treated at the end of it.  Keyes intrigued against him and when Lord Westerwemyss [sic] became 1st Sea Lord[,] pushed him out and supplanted him."<ref>Oliver Memoirs.  '''II'''.  pp. 170-171.</ref>
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*{{TNA|ADM 196/42.|D7602086}}
*{{TNA|ADM 196/42.|D7602086}}
*{{TNA|ADM 196/20.|D7590714}}
*{{TNA|ADM 196/20.|D7590714}}
{{refend}}
==See Also==
{{refbegin}}
{{WP|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginald_Bacon}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


<div name=fredbot:appts>{{TabApptsBegin}}
<div name=fredbot:appts>{{TabApptsBegin}}
{{TabNaval}}
{{TabNaval}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M. T.B. 33 (1885)|Captain of H.M. T.B. 33]]'''<br>7 Jul, 1887<ref>"Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices).  ''The Times''.  Saturday, 2 July, 1887.  Issue '''32114''', col C, p. 12.</ref> &ndash; ?|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Frederick Avenel Sommerville|Frederick A. Sommerville]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M. T.B. 33 (1885)|Captain of H.M. T.B. 33]]'''<br>7 Jul, 1887<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence".  ''The Times''.  Saturday, 2 July, 1887.  Issue '''32114''', col C, p. 12.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Edward Matson Hewett|Edward M. Hewett]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''New Appointment'''|'''[[Inspecting Captain of Submarines|Inspecting Captain of Submarines]]'''<br>20 Aug, 1901<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref> &ndash; ?|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Edgar Lees|Edgar Lees]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Philip Jeston Hodges|Philip J. Hodges]]'''|'''[[H.M. T.B. 52 (1885)|Captain of H.M. T.B. 52]]'''<br>21 Jul, 1891<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 166.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Louis Charles Stirling Woollcombe|Louis C. S. Woollcombe]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Henry Louis Fleet|Henry L. Fleet]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Thames (1885)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Thames'']]'''<br>1 Jan, 1903{{NLJan04|p. 384}} &ndash; ?|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Edgar Lees|Edgar Lees]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Frederick Charles Doveton Sturdee, First Baronet|Frederick C. D. Sturdee]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Vesuvius (1874)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Vesuvius'']]'''<br>5 May, 1893{{NLApr94|p. 264}}|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Dudley Rawson Stratford de Chair|Dudley R. S. de Chair]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[First Sea Lord|Naval Assistant to the First Sea Lord]]'''<br>21 Oct, 1904<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref> &ndash; ?|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Charles Edward Madden, First Baronet|Charles E. Madden]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Frederick Charles Doveton Sturdee, First Baronet|Frederick C. D. Sturdee]]'''|'''[[H.M. T.B. 81 (1885)|Captain of H.M. T.B. 81]]'''<br>11 Jul, 1893<ref>"The Naval Manœuvres".  ''The Times''.  Monday, 10 July, 1893.  Issue '''33999''', col D, p. 10.</ref> &ndash; 17 Aug, 1893<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Reginald Hugh Spencer Bacon|Reginald H. S. Bacon]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Sackville Hamilton Carden|Sackville H. Carden]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Irresistible (1898)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Irresistible'']]'''<br>20 Dec, 1905<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42}}.  f. 262.</ref> &ndash; ?|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Lionel Grant Tufnell|Lionel G. Tufnell]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Reginald Hugh Spencer Bacon|Reginald H. S. Bacon]]'''|'''[[H.M. T.B. 81 (1885)|Captain of H.M. T.B. 81]]'''<br>18 Jul, 1894{{ToL|The Naval Manoeuvres|July 12, 1894, Issue 34314, p.10}}|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Dudley Rawson Stratford de Chair|Dudley R. S. de Chair]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M.S. Dreadnought (1906)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Dreadnought'']]'''<br>2 Jul, 1906<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref> &ndash; ?|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Charles Edward Madden, First Baronet|Charles E. Madden]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Dudley Rawson Stratford de Chair|Dudley R. S. de Chair]]'''|'''[[H.M. T.B. 95 (1894)|Captain of H.M. T.B. 95]]'''<br>24 Jul, 1895{{ToL|The Naval Manoeuvres|July 19, 1895, Issue 34633, p.14}}|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Dudley Rawson Stratford de Chair|Dudley R. S. de Chair]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[John Rushworth Jellicoe, First Earl Jellicoe|John R. Jellicoe]]'''|'''[[Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes (Royal Navy)|Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes]]'''<br>25 Aug, 1907<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref> &ndash; ?|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Archibald Gordon Henry Wilson Moore|Archibald G. H. W. Moore]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Price Vaughan Lewes|P. Vaughan Lewes]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Hazard (1894)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Hazard'']]'''<br>20 Aug, 1901<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref> &ndash; 1 Jan, 1903<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Edgar Lees|Edgar Lees]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Horace Lambert Alexander Hood|Horace L. A. Hood]]'''<br><small>as '''Rear-Admiral, Dover Patrol'''</small>|'''[[Dover Patrol (Royal Navy)|Vice-Admiral, Dover Patrol]]'''<br>13 Apr, 1915{{SMNLSep17|p. 4}} &ndash; ?|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Roger John Brownlow Keyes, First Baron Keyes|Roger J. B. Keyes]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''New Appointment'''|'''[[Inspecting Captain of Submarines|Inspecting Captain of Submarines]]'''<br>20 Aug, 1901<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref> &ndash; 21 Oct, 1904<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Edgar Lees|Edgar Lees]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Henry Louis Fleet|Henry L. Fleet]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Thames (1885)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Thames'']]'''<br>1 Jan, 1903{{NLOct04|p. 385}} &ndash; 21 Oct, 1904<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Edgar Lees|Edgar Lees]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Frederick Robert William Morgan|Frederick R. W. Morgan]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Latona (1890)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Latona'']]'''<br>1 Jan, 1903<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref> &ndash; 21 Jul, 1903<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Charles William Winnington-Ingram|Charles W. Winnington-Ingram]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[First Sea Lord|Naval Assistant to the First Sea Lord]]'''<br>21 Oct, 1904<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref> &ndash; 20 Dec, 1905<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Charles Edward Madden, First Baronet|Charles E. Madden]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Sackville Hamilton Carden|Sackville H. Carden]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Irresistible (1898)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Irresistible'']]'''<br>20 Dec, 1905<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42}}.  f. 262.</ref> &ndash; 2 Jul, 1906<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Lionel Grant Tufnell|Lionel G. Tufnell]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''New Command'''|'''[[H.M.S. Dreadnought (1906)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Dreadnought'']]'''<br>2 Jul, 1906<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Charles Edward Madden, First Baronet|Charles E. Madden]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[John Rushworth Jellicoe, First Earl Jellicoe|John R. Jellicoe]]'''|'''[[Naval Ordnance Department (Royal Navy)|Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes]]'''<br>25 Aug, 1907<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref> &ndash; 16 Dec, 1909<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Archibald Gordon Henry Wilson Moore|A. G. H. W. Moore]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Horace Lambert Alexander Hood|The Hon. Horace L. A. Hood]]'''<br><small>as '''Rear-Admiral, Dover Patrol'''</small>|'''[[Dover Patrol|Vice-Admiral, Dover Patrol]]'''<br>13 Apr, 1915{{SMNLSep17|p. 4}} &ndash; 1 Jan, 1918<ref>Bacon Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 262.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Roger John Brownlow Keyes, First Baron Keyes|Sir Roger J. B. Keyes]]'''}}
{{TabEnd}}
{{TabEnd}}
</div name=fredbot:appts>
</div name=fredbot:appts>
Line 96: Line 109:
{{CatBritannia|January, 1877}}
{{CatBritannia|January, 1877}}
{{CatTorpedoOfficer|UK}}
{{CatTorpedoOfficer|UK}}
[[Category:Inspecting Captains of Submarines]]
[[Category:Directors of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes (Royal Navy)]]
[[Category:Vice-Admirals, Dover Patrol]]
[[Category:Senior Naval Officers, Dover]]
[[Category:Senior Naval Officers, Dover]]
{{CatAdmiral|UK}}
{{CatAdm|UK}}
[[Category:Colonels, Second Commandant, Royal Marine Artillery]]
[[Category:Colonels, Second Commandant, Royal Marine Artillery]]

Latest revision as of 16:44, 17 February 2022

Admiral Sir Reginald Bacon, portrayed as a Vice-Admiral.
Portrait: Francis Dodd, 1917.

Admiral SIR Reginald Hugh Spencer Bacon, K.C.B., K.C.V.O., D.S.O., Royal Navy, Retired (6 September, 1863 – 9 June, 1947) commanded the Dover Patrol from 1915-17 and embarked on a post-retirement career as a naval historian.

Early Life

Bacon was born in Wiggenholt, Sussex.

Having entered the navy in 1878, Bacon chose to specialise in a variety of areas dealing with innovations: from ship design to electricity to submarines (he conducted the first Royal Navy trials) to mining.

Bacon was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant with seniority of 20 August, 1883. He was appointed in command of the first-class torpedo boat T.B. 33 on 7 July 1887, for manoeuvres.[1]

On 11 July, 1893, Bacon was appointed to T.B. 81 for the annual manoeuvres.[2]

He was promoted to the rank of Commander on 30 June, 1895.[3] He was thirty-one years, nine months and twenty-four days old at promotion. He later claimed that he was the youngest of the lieutenants promoted in that batch.[4] However, he was the second-youngest, after Arthur W. Waymouth.

For his services in Benin he was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order (D.S.O.) on 25 May, 1897.[5]

Captain

Bacon was promoted to the rank of Captain on 30 June, 1900.[6]

On 23 March, 1901, Bacon was appointed to President for "Special Service" at the Admiralty,[7] for, in his own words, "service with the submarine boats, on which work had already been commenced."[8] He served on the staff of the Controller, with an office at the Admiralty.[9]

On 21 October, 1904, he was appointed to Hercules as Naval Assistant to Sir John Fisher, the new First Sea Lord.[10]

He was appointed in command of the Irresistible on 20 December, 1905

On 2 July, 1906, he was appointed in command of the Dreadnought.[11]

From 27 March, 1907, he was also appointed Chief of the Staff to the Commander-in-Chief, Home Fleet, Francis C. B. Bridgeman. He was appointed a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (C.V.O.) on 3 August.[12]

Director of Naval Ordnance

In May, 1907, it was announced that Bacon would succeed Jellicoe as Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes (D.N.O.).[13] He was appointed to the Admiralty for temporary service on 12 August, 1907, and became D.N.O. on 25 August.[14]

The Commander-in-Chief on the China Station, Vice-Admiral Sir Hedworth Lambton, wrote to the First Lord, McKenna, on 11 May, 1909:

Bacon is in a great many ways the ablest man in the Service & I can say no more than that, should I ever command a fleet in war, I think I would rather have him for my second in command or "Captain of the Fleet" than any other man I know.[15]

Rear-Admiral & Retirement

On 12 July, 1909, he was promoted to the rank of Rear-Admiral, vice Dare.[16] In accordance with the provisions of the Order in Council of 8 December, 1903, he was placed on the Retired List at his own request on 25 November.[17]

By the year of his resignation from the navy - 1909 - he had reached the rank of Rear-Admiral, and settled into an entirely appropriate civilian career as Managing Director of the Coventry Ordnance Works, having served his last two years as Director of Naval Ordnance.

Great War

The outbreak of war in August, 1914 brought Bacon's recall to active service and following a brief stint on the Western Front (using his own company's weaponry - a howitzer of his own design) as a Colonel, Second Commandant in the Royal Marine Artillery was handed command of the Dover Patrol the following April. He relinquished his temporary commission as Colonel, Second Commandant on 13 April, 1915[18] when he was appointed in command of the Dover Patrol, hoisting his flag in the second class protected cruiser Arrogant.[19]

On 15 July, 1915, he was advanced to the rank of Vice-Admiral on the Retired List.[20] Bacon's task was apparently simple: to prevent German U-boat access to the English Channel, and to facilitate the despatch of supplies, both men and materials, across to the Western Front in France.

On 1 January, 1916, he was appointed an Additional Member of the Second Class, or Knight Commander, in the Military Division of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath (K.C.B.).[21] On 15 August he was appointed a Knight Commander in the Royal Victorian Order (K.C.V.O.) after the King visited the Army in France.[22]

The Chief of the Admiralty War Staff of the time, later Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff, Sir Henry F. Oliver, later recalled, "Bacon was most energetic and tireless, he slept in his Office and when anything happened at night in his command and I telephoned[,] the Secretary would tell me he had gone afloat. He had the most exacting and arduous command of and Flag Officer in the War[,] and was very badly treated at the end of it. Keyes intrigued against him and when Lord Westerwemyss [sic] became 1st Sea Lord[,] pushed him out and supplanted him."[23]

On 1 January, 1918, Bacon was superseded as Vice-Admiral, Dover Patrol, and on 12 January he was appointed for duty with the Ministry of Munitions, where he served as Controller of the Department for Munitions Inventions. He was promoted to the rank of Admiral on the Retired List on 1 September, and ceased duty on 31 March, 1919.[24]

Retirement

Bacon wrote an account of his service in command of the Dover Patrol, and later wrote a book about the Jutland Scandal. He wrote biographies of both Fisher and Jellicoe, as well as two volumes of memoirs.

He died at his Romsey home on 9 June, 1947.[25] His funeral took place on 12 June at Braishfield Church, Romsey. Amongst the mourners were Admiral Sir Frederic and Lady Dreyer, and two of Jellicoe's daughters, Lady Gwendoline Latham and Lady Norah Wingfield.[26] Lady Bacon died on 18 June, 1955.[27]

Assessment

In his 1946 memoirs, Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry F. Oliver wrote that, "Bacon was about the ablest and cleverest Officer I have ever known."[28]

Bibliography

  • "Adm. Sir Reginald Bacon" (Obituaries). The Times. Tuesday, 10 June, 1947. Issue 50783, col E, p. 6.
  • Bacon, Admiral Sir Reginald (1925). A Naval Scrapbook: First Part, 1877–1900. London: Hutchinson & Co..
  • Bacon, Admiral Sir Reginald (1940). From 1900 Onward. London: Hutchinson & Co..

Service Records

See Also

Naval Appointments
Preceded by
? 		Captain of H.M. T.B. 33
7 Jul, 1887[29] 		Succeeded by
Edward M. Hewett
Preceded by
Philip J. Hodges 		Captain of H.M. T.B. 52
21 Jul, 1891[30] 		Succeeded by
Louis C. S. Woollcombe
Preceded by
Frederick C. D. Sturdee 		Captain of H.M.S. Vesuvius
5 May, 1893[31] 		Succeeded by
Dudley R. S. de Chair
Preceded by
Frederick C. D. Sturdee 		Captain of H.M. T.B. 81
11 Jul, 1893[32] – 17 Aug, 1893[33] 		Succeeded by
Reginald H. S. Bacon
Preceded by
Reginald H. S. Bacon 		Captain of H.M. T.B. 81
18 Jul, 1894[34] 		Succeeded by
Dudley R. S. de Chair
Preceded by
Dudley R. S. de Chair 		Captain of H.M. T.B. 95
24 Jul, 1895[35] 		Succeeded by
Dudley R. S. de Chair
Preceded by
P. Vaughan Lewes 		Captain of H.M.S. Hazard
20 Aug, 1901[36] – 1 Jan, 1903[37] 		Succeeded by
Edgar Lees
Preceded by
New Appointment 		Inspecting Captain of Submarines
20 Aug, 1901[38] – 21 Oct, 1904[39] 		Succeeded by
Edgar Lees
Preceded by
Henry L. Fleet 		Captain of H.M.S. Thames
1 Jan, 1903[40] – 21 Oct, 1904[41] 		Succeeded by
Edgar Lees
Preceded by
Frederick R. W. Morgan 		Captain of H.M.S. Latona
1 Jan, 1903[42] – 21 Jul, 1903[43] 		Succeeded by
Charles W. Winnington-Ingram
Preceded by
? 		Naval Assistant to the First Sea Lord
21 Oct, 1904[44] – 20 Dec, 1905[45] 		Succeeded by
Charles E. Madden
Preceded by
Sackville H. Carden 		Captain of H.M.S. Irresistible
20 Dec, 1905[46] – 2 Jul, 1906[47] 		Succeeded by
Lionel G. Tufnell
Preceded by
New Command 		Captain of H.M.S. Dreadnought
2 Jul, 1906[48] 		Succeeded by
Charles E. Madden
Preceded by
John R. Jellicoe 		Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes
25 Aug, 1907[49] – 16 Dec, 1909[50] 		Succeeded by
A. G. H. W. Moore
Preceded by
The Hon. Horace L. A. Hood
as Rear-Admiral, Dover Patrol 		Vice-Admiral, Dover Patrol
13 Apr, 1915[51] – 1 Jan, 1918[52] 		Succeeded by
Sir Roger J. B. Keyes

Footnotes

  1. ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Saturday, 2 July, 1887. Issue 32114, col C, p. 12.
  2. ↑ "The Naval Manœuvres". The Times. Monday, 10 July, 1893. Issue 33999, col D, p. 10.
  3. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 26647. p. 4233. 26 July, 1895.
  4. ↑ Bacon. From 1900 Onwards. p. 22.
  5. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 26856. p. 2928. 25 May, 1897.
  6. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27211. p. 4433. 17 July, 1900.
  7. ↑ ADM 196/42. f. 166.
  8. ↑ Bacon. From 1900 Onwards. p. 50.
  9. ↑ Ibid. f. 54.
  10. ↑ The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  11. ↑ ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  12. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 28048. p. 5390. 6 August, 1907.
  13. ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Thursday, 30 May, 1907. Issue 38346, col F, p. 5.
  14. ↑ The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  15. ↑ Lambton to McKenna. "Miscellaneous Papers dealing with the antagonism of Admiral Lord Charles Beresford to the Policy and Administrative Arrangements of the Board of Admiralty 1906-1909." The National Archives. ADM 116/3108. Unnumbered folio.
  16. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 28271. p. 5463. 16 July, 1909.
  17. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 28313. p. 9123. 30 November, 1909.
  18. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 29136. p. 3828. 20 April, 1915.
  19. ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (November, 1915). p. 4.
  20. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 29236. p. 7073. 20 July, 1915.
  21. ↑ The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 29423. p. 80. 31 December, 1915.
  22. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 29711. p. 8149. 18 August, 1916.
  23. ↑ Oliver Memoirs. II. pp. 170-171.
  24. ↑ ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  25. ↑ "Adm. Sir Reginald Bacon" (Obituaries). The Times. Tuesday, 10 June, 1947. Issue 50783, col E, p. 6.
  26. ↑ "Funerals" (Obituaries). The Times. Friday, 13 June, 1947. Issue 50786, col F, p. 6.
  27. ↑ "Obituaries" (Obituaries). The Times. Monday, 20 June, 1955. Issue 53251, col C, p. 11.
  28. ↑ Oliver. II. f. 33.
  29. ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. Saturday, 2 July, 1887. Issue 32114, col C, p. 12.
  30. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 166.
  31. ↑ The Navy List. (April, 1894). p. 264.
  32. ↑ "The Naval Manœuvres". The Times. Monday, 10 July, 1893. Issue 33999, col D, p. 10.
  33. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  34. ↑ "The Naval Manoeuvres." The Times (London, England), July 12, 1894, Issue 34314, p.10.
  35. ↑ "The Naval Manoeuvres." The Times (London, England), July 19, 1895, Issue 34633, p.14.
  36. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  37. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  38. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  39. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  40. ↑ The Navy List. (October, 1904). p. 385.
  41. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  42. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  43. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  44. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  45. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  46. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  47. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  48. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  49. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  50. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.
  51. ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (September, 1917). p. 4.
  52. ↑ Bacon Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 262.

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