Difference between revisions of "Director of Naval Construction (Royal Navy)"

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The '''Director of Naval Construction''' (often shortened to '''D.N.C.''') was the principal officer responsible to the [[Board of Admiralty]] for the design and construction of the warships of the [[Royal Navy]]. The man holding this position was initially called the '''Chief Naval Architect''' or '''Chief Constructor of the Navy''' until being renamed in 1875.{{NMI|Friday, March 19, 1875, Issue 28267, p.5}}
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The '''Director of Naval Construction''' (often shortened to '''D.N.C.''') was the principal officer responsible to the [[Board of Admiralty]] for the design and construction of the warships of the [[Royal Navy]].
  
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From 1883 onwards he was also head of the [[Royal Corps of Naval Constructors]], the naval architects who staffed his department. With the retirement of Sir Victor Shepheard in 1958 the position was replaced with that of Director-General, Ships. D.N.C.'s modern equivalent is Director Ships in the Defence Equipment and Support organisation of the Ministry of Defence.
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==History==
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The official in charge of ship design was called the Assistant Surveyor. Until 1848 there was one, and on 4 May of that year a second Assistant Surveyor was appointed, both with salaries of £800 per annum, including all allowances.<ref>''Copy of "the Minute of the board of Admiralty respecting the Reconstruction of the Officer of the Surveyor of the Navy"''. pp. 1-2.</ref> In 1858 the Assistant Surveyor, now one in number, became '''First Assistant-Surveyor''' and his salary increased from £800 per year to £900.{{UKOrdersinCouncilII|p. 12}} In 1860 the Surveyor of the Navy became [[Controller of the Navy]] and the First Assistant Surveyor became '''Chief Constructor'''.<ref>Undated minute by the Duke of Somerset. Predates date of docket, 16 February, 1860. {{TNA|ADM 1/5741.}}</ref> By [[Order in Council of 9 August, 1872]], the Chief Constructor became '''Chief Naval Architect'''.{{UKOrdersinCouncilIII|pp. 369-370}} When a [[Council of Construction (Royal Navy)|Council of Construction]] was formed on 16 December the Chief Naval Architect also became '''President of the Council of Construction'''. His duties were given as:
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<blockquote>''The Chief Naval Architect'' will be responsible to the Controller for all matters of design and construction in the hulls of ships and boats, including masting and all nautical apparatus, whether building in the Dockyards or by contract.<br>No alteration is to be made to be made in any ship under repair without its being submitted to him.</blockquote>
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By [[Orders in Council of 13 May, 1875|Order in Council of 13 May, 1875]], the Chief Naval Architect became the '''Director of Naval Construction'''.{{UKOrdersinCouncilIV|pp. 32-36}}
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From 1883 onwards he was also head of the [[Royal Corps of Naval Constructors]], the naval architects who staffed his department.
 +
 
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In October, 1911, the Admiralty announced that Sir Philip Watts would be succeeded by Sir William E. Smith, the Superintendent of Construction Accounts and Contract Work.<ref>"New Director of Naval Construction." ''The Times''. 23 October, 1911. p. 8.</ref> A day later [[Winston Churchill]] became [[First Lord of the Admiralty]]. In June, 1912, a month after Watts should have retired, Churchill told the House of Commons: "I have decided not to proceed further with the appointment of Sir William Smith, whose services are more usefully employed as Superintendent of Contract Work than as Director of Naval Construction."<ref>''Hansard''. [http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1912/jun/18/director-of-naval-construction HC Deb 18 June 1912 vol 39 cc1480-1.]</ref> Ironically the [[Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty]], [[Thomas James Macnamara|Thomas J. Macnamara]], had told the House just weeks earlier about "the number of men of great distinction who began life as dockyard apprentices".<ref>''Hansard''. [http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1912/mar/18/dockyard-and-naval-employment#column_1644. HC Deb 18 March 1912 vol 35 c1644.]</ref> Smith had begun in the Rope House at Portsmouth Dockyard.<ref>''Grace's Guide to Industrial British History''. [https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/William_Edward_Smith William Edward Smith]. Accessed 7 March, 2022.</ref> Instead the position of Director of Naval Construction went to [[Eustace Henry William Tennyson d'Eyncourt, First Baronet|Eustace H. W. T. d'Eyncourt]], who began as an apprentice outside the Royal Dockyards.
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With the retirement of Sir Victor Shepheard in 1958 the position was replaced with that of Director-General, Ships. D.N.C.'s modern equivalent is Director Ships in the Defence Equipment and Support organisation of the Ministry of Defence.
  
 
==Directors==
 
==Directors==
  
 
<div name=fredbot:office0 otitle="Director of Naval Construction" nat="UK">
 
<div name=fredbot:office0 otitle="Director of Naval Construction" nat="UK">
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=John Edye|nick=John Edye|appt=1832|end=1857?|as=Assistant Surveyor|note=as Assistant Surveyor}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=Isaac Watts|nick=Isaac Watts|appt=1848|end=1863|as=Assistant Surveyor|note=as Assistant Surveyor}}
 
{{Tenure|rank=|name=Edward James Reed|nick=Edward J. Reed|appt=1863{{CN}}|end=1870|as=Chief Constructor of the Navy|note=as Chief Constructor of the Navy}}
 
{{Tenure|rank=|name=Edward James Reed|nick=Edward J. Reed|appt=1863{{CN}}|end=1870|as=Chief Constructor of the Navy|note=as Chief Constructor of the Navy}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=Nathaniel Barnaby|nick=Sir Nathaniel Barnaby|appt=1870{{CN}}|end=1876|as=Chief Constructor of the Navy|note=as Chief Constructor of the Navy}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=Nathaniel Barnaby|nick=Sir Nathaniel Barnaby|appt=1872|end=1885{{ToL|Death of Sir N. Barnaby|Wednesday, 16 June, 1915, Issue 40882, p. 11}}|as=Chief Constructor of the Navy|note=as Chief Constructor of the Navy}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=Nathaniel Barnaby|nick=Sir Nathaniel Barnaby|appt=1876{{ToL|New Knights|Monday, June 8, 1885, Issue 31467, p.6}}|end=1885|note=hereafter as Director of Naval Construction}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=William Henry White|nick=Sir William H. White|appt=1885{{CN}}|end=31 January, 1902{{ToL|"The Directorship of Naval Construction"|Saturday, Feb 1, 1902; pg. 10; Issue 36680}}}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=William Henry White|nick=Sir William H. White|appt=1885{{CN}}|end=1902}}
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{{Tenure|rank=Colonel|name=Philip Watts|nick=Sir Philip Watts|appt=3 February, 1902{{ToL|"The Directorship of Naval Construction"|Saturday, Feb 1, 1902; pg. 10; Issue 36680}}|end=1 August, 1912{{ToL|Naval Construction|Tuesday, Jul 30, 1912; pg. 6; Issue 39964}}}}
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{{Tenure|rank=Colonel|name=Philip Watts|nick=Sir Philip Watts|appt=1902{{CN}}|end=1912}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=Eustace Henry William Tennyson d'Eyncourt, First Baronet|nick=Sir Eustace H. W. Tennyson- d'Eyncourt, Bart.|appt=1 August, 1912{{ToL|Naval Construction|Tuesday, Jul 30, 1912; pg. 6; Issue 39964}}|end=1924}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=Eustace Henry William Tennyson d'Eyncourt, First Baronet|nick=Sir Eustace H. W. T. d'Eyncourt|appt=1912{{CN}}|end=1924}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=William John Berry|nick=Sir William J. Berry|appt=1 January 1924<ref>"Chronology." ''The Journal of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors Association''. 1 (July, 1947). p. 30.</ref>|end=1930}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=William John Berry|nick=Sir William J. Berry|appt=1924{{CN}}|end=1930}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=Arthur William Johns|nick=Sir Arthur W. Johns|appt=23 January, 1930<ref>"Chronology." ''The Journal of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors Association''. 1 (July, 1947). p. 30.</ref>|end=1936}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=Arthur William Johns|nick=Sir Arthur W. Johns|appt=January, 1930{{CN}}|end=1936}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=Stanley Vernon Goodall|nick=Sir Stanley V. Goodall‎|appt=25 July 1936<ref>"Chronology." ''The Journal of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors Association''. 1 (July, 1947). p. 30.</ref>|end=21 January, 1944<ref>Brown. ''A Century of Naval Construction''. p. 179.</ref>}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=Stanley Vernon Goodall|nick=Sir Stanley V. Goodall‎|appt=1936{{CN}}|end=1944}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=Charles Swift Lillicrap|nick=Sir Charles S. Lillicrap|appt=22 January, 1944<ref>Brown. ''A Century of Naval Construction''. p. 179.</ref>|end=30 September, 1951{{ToL|New Director of Naval Construction|Saturday, 30 June, 1951, Issue 52041, p. 6}}}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=Charles Swift Lillicrap|nick=Sir Charles C. Lillicrap|appt=1944{{CN}}|end=1951}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=Victor George Shepheard|nick=Sir Victor G. Shepheard|appt=1 October, 1951{{ToL|New Director of Naval Construction|Saturday, 30 June, 1951, Issue 52041, p. 6}}|end=30 September, 1958{{ToL|51 Years' Service at the Admiralty|Monday, 29 September, 1958, Issue 54268, p. 12}}}}
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{{Tenure|rank=|name=Victor George Shepheard|nick=Sir Victor G. Shepheard|appt=1951{{CN}}|end=1966}}
 
 
</div name=fredbot:office0>
 
</div name=fredbot:office0>
  
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==Bibliography==
 
==Bibliography==
 
{{refbegin}}
 
{{refbegin}}
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*''Copy of "the Minute of the board of Admiralty respecting the Reconstruction of the Officer of the Surveyor of the Navy"''. H.C. 393 (1848).
 +
*{{UKOrdersinCouncilII}}
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*"Chronology." ''The Journal of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors Association''. 1 (July, 1947). p. 30.
 
*Brown, D. K. (1984).  ''A Century of Naval Construction: The History of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors, 1883-1983''.  London: Conway Maritime Press Ltd.  ISBN 085177282X.
 
*Brown, D. K. (1984).  ''A Century of Naval Construction: The History of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors, 1883-1983''.  London: Conway Maritime Press Ltd.  ISBN 085177282X.
 
{{refend}}
 
{{refend}}

Latest revision as of 01:11, 23 June 2023

The Director of Naval Construction (often shortened to D.N.C.) was the principal officer responsible to the Board of Admiralty for the design and construction of the warships of the Royal Navy.

History

The official in charge of ship design was called the Assistant Surveyor. Until 1848 there was one, and on 4 May of that year a second Assistant Surveyor was appointed, both with salaries of £800 per annum, including all allowances.[1] In 1858 the Assistant Surveyor, now one in number, became First Assistant-Surveyor and his salary increased from £800 per year to £900.[2] In 1860 the Surveyor of the Navy became Controller of the Navy and the First Assistant Surveyor became Chief Constructor.[3] By Order in Council of 9 August, 1872, the Chief Constructor became Chief Naval Architect.[4] When a Council of Construction was formed on 16 December the Chief Naval Architect also became President of the Council of Construction. His duties were given as:

The Chief Naval Architect will be responsible to the Controller for all matters of design and construction in the hulls of ships and boats, including masting and all nautical apparatus, whether building in the Dockyards or by contract.
No alteration is to be made to be made in any ship under repair without its being submitted to him.

By Order in Council of 13 May, 1875, the Chief Naval Architect became the Director of Naval Construction.[5]

From 1883 onwards he was also head of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors, the naval architects who staffed his department.

In October, 1911, the Admiralty announced that Sir Philip Watts would be succeeded by Sir William E. Smith, the Superintendent of Construction Accounts and Contract Work.[6] A day later Winston Churchill became First Lord of the Admiralty. In June, 1912, a month after Watts should have retired, Churchill told the House of Commons: "I have decided not to proceed further with the appointment of Sir William Smith, whose services are more usefully employed as Superintendent of Contract Work than as Director of Naval Construction."[7] Ironically the Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty, Thomas J. Macnamara, had told the House just weeks earlier about "the number of men of great distinction who began life as dockyard apprentices".[8] Smith had begun in the Rope House at Portsmouth Dockyard.[9] Instead the position of Director of Naval Construction went to Eustace H. W. T. d'Eyncourt, who began as an apprentice outside the Royal Dockyards.

With the retirement of Sir Victor Shepheard in 1958 the position was replaced with that of Director-General, Ships. D.N.C.'s modern equivalent is Director Ships in the Defence Equipment and Support organisation of the Ministry of Defence.

Directors

Assistant Directors

See Also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Copy of "the Minute of the board of Admiralty respecting the Reconstruction of the Officer of the Surveyor of the Navy". pp. 1-2.
  2. ↑ The Orders in Council for the Regulation of the Naval Service. II. p. 12.
  3. ↑ Undated minute by the Duke of Somerset. Predates date of docket, 16 February, 1860. The National Archives. ADM 1/5741.
  4. ↑ The Orders in Council for the Regulation of the Naval Service. III. pp. 369-370.
  5. ↑ The Orders in Council for the Regulation of the Naval Service. IV. pp. 32-36.
  6. ↑ "New Director of Naval Construction." The Times. 23 October, 1911. p. 8.
  7. ↑ Hansard. HC Deb 18 June 1912 vol 39 cc1480-1.
  8. ↑ Hansard. HC Deb 18 March 1912 vol 35 c1644.
  9. ↑ Grace's Guide to Industrial British History. William Edward Smith. Accessed 7 March, 2022.
  10. ↑ "Death of Sir N. Barnaby." The Times (London, England), Wednesday, 16 June, 1915, Issue 40882, p. 11.
  11. ↑ ""The Directorship of Naval Construction"." The Times (London, England), Saturday, Feb 1, 1902; pg. 10; Issue 36680.
  12. ↑ ""The Directorship of Naval Construction"." The Times (London, England), Saturday, Feb 1, 1902; pg. 10; Issue 36680.
  13. ↑ "Naval Construction." The Times (London, England), Tuesday, Jul 30, 1912; pg. 6; Issue 39964.
  14. ↑ "Naval Construction." The Times (London, England), Tuesday, Jul 30, 1912; pg. 6; Issue 39964.
  15. ↑ "Chronology." The Journal of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors Association. 1 (July, 1947). p. 30.
  16. ↑ "Chronology." The Journal of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors Association. 1 (July, 1947). p. 30.
  17. ↑ "Chronology." The Journal of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors Association. 1 (July, 1947). p. 30.
  18. ↑ Brown. A Century of Naval Construction. p. 179.
  19. ↑ Brown. A Century of Naval Construction. p. 179.
  20. ↑ "New Director of Naval Construction." The Times (London, England), Saturday, 30 June, 1951, Issue 52041, p. 6.
  21. ↑ "New Director of Naval Construction." The Times (London, England), Saturday, 30 June, 1951, Issue 52041, p. 6.
  22. ↑ "51 Years' Service at the Admiralty." The Times (London, England), Monday, 29 September, 1958, Issue 54268, p. 12.

Bibliography

  • Copy of "the Minute of the board of Admiralty respecting the Reconstruction of the Officer of the Surveyor of the Navy". H.C. 393 (1848).
  • The Orders in Council for the Regulation of the Naval Service. Vol. II. London: For Her Majesty's Stationary Office. 1864.
  • "Chronology." The Journal of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors Association. 1 (July, 1947). p. 30.
  • Brown, D. K. (1984). A Century of Naval Construction: The History of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors, 1883-1983. London: Conway Maritime Press Ltd. ISBN 085177282X.

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