Difference between revisions of "Roger John Brownlow Keyes, First Baron Keyes"
(Update appts) |
(add RN/RNR/RNVR categories) |
||
(9 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
+ | [[File:Roger-John-Brownlow-Keyes-1st-Baron-Keyes, NPG x168736.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Admiral of the Fleet Keys as a Rear-Admiral, 1918.<br><small>Portrait: © National Portrait Gallery, London.</small>]] | ||
{{FleetRN}} {{RIGHTHON}} '''Roger John Brownlow Keyes, First Baron Keyes''', G.C.B., K.C.V.O., C.M.G., D.S.O., Royal Navy (4 October, 1872 – 26 December, 1945) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]] during the [[Great War]] and the [[Second World War]]. He is chiefly remembered for his organisation of the [[Zeebrugge Raid|Zeebrugge]] and [[Ostend Raid]]s in 1918, and for his service as Chief of Combined Operations in 1940–1941. | {{FleetRN}} {{RIGHTHON}} '''Roger John Brownlow Keyes, First Baron Keyes''', G.C.B., K.C.V.O., C.M.G., D.S.O., Royal Navy (4 October, 1872 – 26 December, 1945) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]] during the [[Great War]] and the [[Second World War]]. He is chiefly remembered for his organisation of the [[Zeebrugge Raid|Zeebrugge]] and [[Ostend Raid]]s in 1918, and for his service as Chief of Combined Operations in 1940–1941. | ||
==Early Life & Career== | ==Early Life & Career== | ||
− | Keyes was confirmed in the rank of Sub-Lieutenant dated 14 November, 1891. | + | Keyes was confirmed in the rank of Sub-Lieutenant dated 14 November, 1891.{{Gaz|26366|412|24 January, 1893}} He was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 28 August, 1893.{{Gaz|26444|5433|26 September, 1893}} |
− | For his service in China he was promoted to the rank of {{CommRN}} on 9 November, 1900. | + | For his service in China he was promoted to the rank of {{CommRN}} on 9 November, 1900.{{Gaz|27245|6855|9 November, 1900}} |
==Captain== | ==Captain== | ||
− | Keyes was promoted to the rank of {{CaptRN}} on 30 June, 1905. | + | Keyes was promoted to the rank of {{CaptRN}} on 30 June, 1905.{{Gaz|27812|4557|30 June, 1905}} |
− | On the occasion of the King's visit to Athens Keyes was appointed a Member of the Fourth Class of the Royal Victorian Order (M.V.O.) on 24 April, 1906. | + | On the occasion of the King's visit to Athens Keyes was appointed a Member of the Fourth Class of the Royal Victorian Order (M.V.O.) on 24 April, 1906.{{Gaz|27911|3164|8 May, 1906}} |
In November 1910, he assumed command of the {{UK-Arrogant|f=t}}.{{MackieRNW}} | In November 1910, he assumed command of the {{UK-Arrogant|f=t}}.{{MackieRNW}} | ||
− | On the occasion of King George V's coronation he was appointed an Additional Member of the Third Class, or Companion, in the Military Division of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath (C.B.) on 19 June, 1911. | + | On the occasion of King George V's coronation he was appointed an Additional Member of the Third Class, or Companion, in the Military Division of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath (C.B.) on 19 June, 1911.{{GazSup|28505|4588|19 June, 1911}} |
Keyes was appointed in command of the {{UK-Dolphin|f=t}} as {{Com2RN}} on 31 August, 1912, remaining with her until February, 1915.{{NLJan15|p. 304}} | Keyes was appointed in command of the {{UK-Dolphin|f=t}} as {{Com2RN}} on 31 August, 1912, remaining with her until February, 1915.{{NLJan15|p. 304}} | ||
==Great War== | ==Great War== | ||
− | Keyes was appointed a Naval Aide-de-Camp to King George V on 15 September, 1914. | + | Keyes was appointed a Naval Aide-de-Camp to King George V on 15 September, 1914.{{Gaz|28906|7396|18 September, 1914}} |
− | He was appointed an Additional Member of the Third Class, or Companion, of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George (C.M.G.) on 1 January, 1916. | + | He was appointed an Additional Member of the Third Class, or Companion, of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George (C.M.G.) on 1 January, 1916.{{GazSup|29423|83|1 January, 1916}} |
− | He was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order (D.S.O.) on 3 June. | + | He was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order (D.S.O.) on 3 June.{{GazSup|29608|5563|3 June, 1916}} |
He was appointed in command of the {{UK-Centurion|f=t}} on 21 June, 1916.{{NLDec16|p. 393}} | He was appointed in command of the {{UK-Centurion|f=t}} on 21 June, 1916.{{NLDec16|p. 393}} | ||
− | He was promoted to the rank of {{RearRN}} on 10 April, 1917, vice [[Cecil Fiennes Thursby|Thursby]]. | + | He was promoted to the rank of {{RearRN}} on 10 April, 1917, vice [[Cecil Fiennes Thursby|Thursby]].{{Gaz|30017|3496|13 April, 1917}} |
− | He was appointed a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (C.V.O.) on 30 March, 1918. | + | He was appointed a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (C.V.O.) on 30 March, 1918.{{Gaz|30613|4132|5 April, 1918}} |
− | For the Zeebrugge and Ostend operations Keyes was appointed an Additional Member of the Second Class, or Knight Commander, of the Military Division of the Order of the Bath (K.C.B.) on 24 April. | + | For the Zeebrugge and Ostend operations Keyes was appointed an Additional Member of the Second Class, or Knight Commander, of the Military Division of the Order of the Bath (K.C.B.) on 24 April.{{Gaz|30655|5064|26 April, 1918}} |
==Inter-War== | ==Inter-War== | ||
− | On the occasion of the King's visit to the Army in the Field Keyes was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (K.C.V.O.) on 10 December, 1918. | + | On the occasion of the King's visit to the Army in the Field Keyes was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (K.C.V.O.) on 10 December, 1918.{{Gaz|31071|14815|17 December, 1918}} |
− | On 21 March, 1919 he was appointed Vice-Admiral Commanding the [[Battle Cruiser Squadron (Royal Navy)|Battle Cruiser Squadron]], assuming command the same day, and relieving [[Henry Francis Oliver|Henry Oliver]], who went off to command the {{UK-BS|2}}.<ref>{{TNA|ADM 196/42}}. f. 319.</ref>{{SMNLJul19|p. 5}} On 29 December he received the dignity of a Baronet of the United Kingdom, of Zeebrugge and Dover in the County of Kent. | + | On 21 March, 1919 he was appointed Vice-Admiral Commanding the [[Battle Cruiser Squadron (Royal Navy)|Battle Cruiser Squadron]], assuming command the same day, and relieving [[Henry Francis Oliver|Henry Oliver]], who went off to command the {{UK-BS|2}}.<ref>{{TNA|ADM 196/42}}. f. 319.</ref>{{SMNLJul19|p. 5}} On 29 December he received the dignity of a Baronet of the United Kingdom, of Zeebrugge and Dover in the County of Kent.{{Gaz|31708|15988|30 December, 1919}} |
− | Keyes was promoted to the rank of {{ViceRN}} on 16 May, 1921, vice [[Frederick Charles Tudor Tudor|Tudor]]. | + | Keyes was promoted to the rank of {{ViceRN}} on 16 May, 1921, vice [[Frederick Charles Tudor Tudor|Tudor]].{{Gaz|32329|4004|20 May, 1921}} |
− | On 1 March, 1926, he was confirmed in the rank of Admiral. | + | On 1 March, 1926, he was confirmed in the rank of Admiral.{{Gaz|33139|1650|5 March, 1926}} |
− | He was promoted to the rank of {{FleetRN}} on 8 May, 1930, vice [[Somerset Arthur Gough-Calthorpe|Gough-Calthorpe]]. | + | He was promoted to the rank of {{FleetRN}} on 8 May, 1930, vice [[Somerset Arthur Gough-Calthorpe|Gough-Calthorpe]].{{Gaz|33604|2867|9 May, 1930}} In the King's Birthday Honours of 3 June of that year, Keyes was appointed an Ordinary Member of the First Class, or Knight Grand Cross, in the Military Division of the Order of the Bath (G.C.B.).{{GazSup|33611|3474|3 June, 1930}} |
− | He was placed on the Retired List on 8 May, 1935. | + | He was placed on the Retired List on 8 May, 1935.{{Gaz|34159|3048|10 May, 1935}} |
==Second World War== | ==Second World War== | ||
− | As the result of the King approving that Admirals of the Fleet should in future be borne on the Active List of the Royal Navy for life, on 4 March, 1940, Keyes was replaced on the Active List with seniority of 8 May, 1930. | + | As the result of the King approving that Admirals of the Fleet should in future be borne on the Active List of the Royal Navy for life, on 4 March, 1940, Keyes was replaced on the Active List with seniority of 8 May, 1930.{{Gaz|34807|1394|8 March, 1940}} |
− | On 23 January, 1943, Keyes was raised to the peerage of the United Kingdom, and created Baron Keyes, of Zebrugge and of Dover in the County of Kent. | + | On 23 January, 1943, Keyes was raised to the peerage of the United Kingdom, and created Baron Keyes, of Zebrugge and of Dover in the County of Kent.{{Gaz|35874|445|22 January, 1943}} |
==Bibliography== | ==Bibliography== | ||
Line 78: | Line 79: | ||
{{TabNaval}} | {{TabNaval}} | ||
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[William George Elmhirst Ruck-Keene|William G. E. Ruck-Keene]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Opossum (1895)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Opossum'']]'''<br>1 Jan, 1898<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 15 Sep, 1898<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Louis Charles Stirling Woollcombe|Louis C. S. Woollcombe]]'''}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[William George Elmhirst Ruck-Keene|William G. E. Ruck-Keene]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Opossum (1895)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Opossum'']]'''<br>1 Jan, 1898<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 15 Sep, 1898<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Louis Charles Stirling Woollcombe|Louis C. S. Woollcombe]]'''}} | ||
− | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Hastings Frank Shakespear|Hastings F. Shakespear]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Hart (1895)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Hart'']]'''<br>15 Sep, 1898{{NLOct98|p. 255}}<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – Jan, 1899<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/88.}} f. 90.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[ | + | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Hastings Frank Shakespear|Hastings F. Shakespear]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Hart (1895)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Hart'']]'''<br>15 Sep, 1898{{NLOct98|p. 255}}<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – Jan, 1899<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/88.}} f. 90.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[John Garnet Armstrong|John G. Armstrong]]'''}} |
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Charles Tibbits|Charles Tibbits]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Fame (1896)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Fame'']]'''<br>7 Jan, 1899<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 14 Nov, 1900<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Charles Pleydell Mansel|Charles P. Mansel]]'''}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Charles Tibbits|Charles Tibbits]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Fame (1896)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Fame'']]'''<br>7 Jan, 1899<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 14 Nov, 1900<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Charles Pleydell Mansel|Charles P. Mansel]]'''}} | ||
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Arthur Parkinson James|Arthur P. James]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Bat (1896)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Bat'']]'''<br>1 May, 1901<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 5 Jan, 1902<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[James Uchtred Farie|James U. Farie]]'''}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Arthur Parkinson James|Arthur P. James]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Bat (1896)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Bat'']]'''<br>1 May, 1901<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 5 Jan, 1902<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[James Uchtred Farie|James U. Farie]]'''}} | ||
− | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M.S. Falcon (1899)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Falcon'']]'''<br>5 Jan, 1902<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 13 May, 1902<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[ | + | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M.S. Falcon (1899)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Falcon'']]'''<br>5 Jan, 1902<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 13 May, 1902<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Robert Mairis Haynes|Robert M. Haynes]]'''}} |
− | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M.S. Sprightly (1900)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Sprightly'']]'''<br>13 May, 1902<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 8 Jan, 1903<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[ | + | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M.S. Sprightly (1900)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Sprightly'']]'''<br>13 May, 1902<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 8 Jan, 1903<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Walter John Challoner Lake|Walter J. C. Lake]]'''}} |
− | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M.S. Express (1897)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Express'']]'''<br>8 Jan, 1903<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 8 Apr, 1903<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[ | + | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''?'''|'''[[H.M.S. Express (1897)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Express'']]'''<br>8 Jan, 1903<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 8 Apr, 1903<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Henry St. George Somerset Clive|Henry St. G. S. Clive]]'''}} |
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[William George Elmhirst Ruck-Keene|William G. E. Ruck-Keene]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Gipsy (1897)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Gipsy'']]'''<br>8 Apr, 1903<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 1 May, 1903<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Sydney Stewart Hall|Sydney S. Hall]]'''}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[William George Elmhirst Ruck-Keene|William G. E. Ruck-Keene]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Gipsy (1897)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Gipsy'']]'''<br>8 Apr, 1903<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 1 May, 1903<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Sydney Stewart Hall|Sydney S. Hall]]'''}} | ||
− | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>''' | + | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Brian Herbert Fairbairn Barttelot|Brian H. F. Barttelot]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Peterel (1899)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Peterel'']]'''<br>21 Jul, 1903<ref>"APPOINTMENTS FOR THE NAVAL MANOEUVRES." ''The Times'' (London, England), Thursday, Jul 16, 1903; pg. 8; Issue 37134.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Osmond James Prentis|Osmond J. Prentis]]'''}} |
+ | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Mark Edward Frederic Kerr|Mark E. F. Kerr]]'''|'''[[Naval Attaché (Royal Navy)|Royal Navy Naval Attaché at Rome]]'''<br>1 Jan, 1905<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 1 Jan, 1908<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Adolphus Huddlestone Williamson|Adolphus H. Williamson]]'''}} | ||
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Cuthbert Godfrey Chapman|Cuthbert G. Chapman]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Venus (1895)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Venus'']]'''<br>18 Aug, 1908<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 11 Oct, 1910<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Robert Edmund Ross Benson|Robert E. R. Benson]]'''}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Cuthbert Godfrey Chapman|Cuthbert G. Chapman]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Venus (1895)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Venus'']]'''<br>18 Aug, 1908<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 11 Oct, 1910<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Robert Edmund Ross Benson|Robert E. R. Benson]]'''}} | ||
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Sydney Stewart Hall|Sydney S. Hall]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Mercury (1878)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Mercury'']]'''<br>14 Nov, 1910{{NLApr11|p. 344}}|Succeeded by<br>'''?'''}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Sydney Stewart Hall|Sydney S. Hall]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Mercury (1878)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Mercury'']]'''<br>14 Nov, 1910{{NLApr11|p. 344}}|Succeeded by<br>'''?'''}} | ||
− | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Sydney Stewart Hall|Sydney S. Hall]]'''|'''[[Inspecting Captain of Submarines|Inspecting Captain of Submarines]]'''<br>14 Nov, 1910<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>''' | + | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Sydney Stewart Hall|Sydney S. Hall]]'''|'''[[Inspecting Captain of Submarines|Inspecting Captain of Submarines]]'''<br>14 Nov, 1910<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref> – 31 Aug, 1912|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Roger John Brownlow Keyes, First Baron Keyes|Roger J. B. Keyes]]'''<br><small>as '''Commodore in charge of Submarine Service'''</small>}} |
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Edmund Percy Fenwick George Grant|E. Percy F. G. Grant]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Arrogant (1896)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Arrogant'']]'''<br>1 Jul, 1911<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Alexander Robinson Palmer|Alexander R. Palmer]]'''}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Edmund Percy Fenwick George Grant|E. Percy F. G. Grant]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Arrogant (1896)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Arrogant'']]'''<br>1 Jul, 1911<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Alexander Robinson Palmer|Alexander R. Palmer]]'''}} | ||
+ | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Roger John Brownlow Keyes, First Baron Keyes|Roger J. B. Keyes]]'''<br><small>as '''Inspecting Captain of Submarines'''</small>|'''[[Inspecting Captain of Submarines|Commodore in charge of Submarine Service]]'''<br>31 Aug, 1912 – 8 Feb, 1915|Succeeded by<br>'''?'''}} | ||
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[William Munro Kerr|William M. Kerr]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Centurion (1911)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Centurion'']]'''<br>21 Jun, 1916<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>{{NLDec16|p. 393}} – 16 Jun, 1917<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Douglas Lionel Dent|Douglas L. Dent]]'''}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[William Munro Kerr|William M. Kerr]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Centurion (1911)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Centurion'']]'''<br>21 Jun, 1916<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>{{NLDec16|p. 393}} – 16 Jun, 1917<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Douglas Lionel Dent|Douglas L. Dent]]'''}} | ||
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Ernest Frederick Augustus Gaunt|Ernest F. A. Gaunt]]'''|'''[[Fourth Battle Squadron (Royal Navy)|Rear-Admiral in the Fourth Battle Squadron]]'''<br>23 Jun, 1917<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43}}. f. 291.</ref> – 25 Sep, 1917<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Douglas Romilly Lothian Nicholson|Douglas R. L. Nicholson]]'''}} | {{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Ernest Frederick Augustus Gaunt|Ernest F. A. Gaunt]]'''|'''[[Fourth Battle Squadron (Royal Navy)|Rear-Admiral in the Fourth Battle Squadron]]'''<br>23 Jun, 1917<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43}}. f. 291.</ref> – 25 Sep, 1917<ref>Keyes Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 277.</ref>|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Douglas Romilly Lothian Nicholson|Douglas R. L. Nicholson]]'''}} | ||
Line 111: | Line 114: | ||
[[Category:Naval Aides-de-Camp to King George V]] | [[Category:Naval Aides-de-Camp to King George V]] | ||
[[Category:Commodores (S)]] | [[Category:Commodores (S)]] | ||
− | {{ | + | {{CatAdmOfTheFleet|UK}} |
+ | {{CatRN}} |
Latest revision as of 15:26, 7 April 2022
Admiral of the Fleet THE RIGHT HONOURABLE Roger John Brownlow Keyes, First Baron Keyes, G.C.B., K.C.V.O., C.M.G., D.S.O., Royal Navy (4 October, 1872 – 26 December, 1945) was an officer of the Royal Navy during the Great War and the Second World War. He is chiefly remembered for his organisation of the Zeebrugge and Ostend Raids in 1918, and for his service as Chief of Combined Operations in 1940–1941.
Early Life & Career
Keyes was confirmed in the rank of Sub-Lieutenant dated 14 November, 1891.[1] He was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant on 28 August, 1893.[2]
For his service in China he was promoted to the rank of Commander on 9 November, 1900.[3]
Captain
Keyes was promoted to the rank of Captain on 30 June, 1905.[4]
On the occasion of the King's visit to Athens Keyes was appointed a Member of the Fourth Class of the Royal Victorian Order (M.V.O.) on 24 April, 1906.[5]
In November 1910, he assumed command of the second class protected cruiser Arrogant.[6]
On the occasion of King George V's coronation he was appointed an Additional Member of the Third Class, or Companion, in the Military Division of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath (C.B.) on 19 June, 1911.[7]
Keyes was appointed in command of the composite screw sloop Dolphin as Commodore, Second Class on 31 August, 1912, remaining with her until February, 1915.[8]
Great War
Keyes was appointed a Naval Aide-de-Camp to King George V on 15 September, 1914.[9]
He was appointed an Additional Member of the Third Class, or Companion, of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George (C.M.G.) on 1 January, 1916.[10]
He was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order (D.S.O.) on 3 June.[11]
He was appointed in command of the battleship Centurion on 21 June, 1916.[12]
He was promoted to the rank of Rear-Admiral on 10 April, 1917, vice Thursby.[13]
He was appointed a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (C.V.O.) on 30 March, 1918.[14]
For the Zeebrugge and Ostend operations Keyes was appointed an Additional Member of the Second Class, or Knight Commander, of the Military Division of the Order of the Bath (K.C.B.) on 24 April.[15]
Inter-War
On the occasion of the King's visit to the Army in the Field Keyes was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (K.C.V.O.) on 10 December, 1918.[16]
On 21 March, 1919 he was appointed Vice-Admiral Commanding the Battle Cruiser Squadron, assuming command the same day, and relieving Henry Oliver, who went off to command the Second Battle Squadron.[17][18] On 29 December he received the dignity of a Baronet of the United Kingdom, of Zeebrugge and Dover in the County of Kent.[19]
Keyes was promoted to the rank of Vice-Admiral on 16 May, 1921, vice Tudor.[20]
On 1 March, 1926, he was confirmed in the rank of Admiral.[21]
He was promoted to the rank of Admiral of the Fleet on 8 May, 1930, vice Gough-Calthorpe.[22] In the King's Birthday Honours of 3 June of that year, Keyes was appointed an Ordinary Member of the First Class, or Knight Grand Cross, in the Military Division of the Order of the Bath (G.C.B.).[23]
He was placed on the Retired List on 8 May, 1935.[24]
Second World War
As the result of the King approving that Admirals of the Fleet should in future be borne on the Active List of the Royal Navy for life, on 4 March, 1940, Keyes was replaced on the Active List with seniority of 8 May, 1930.[25]
On 23 January, 1943, Keyes was raised to the peerage of the United Kingdom, and created Baron Keyes, of Zebrugge and of Dover in the County of Kent.[26]
Bibliography
- "Admiral of the Fleet Lord Keyes" (Obituaries). The Times. Thursday, 27 December, 1945. Issue 50334, col D, p. 7.
- Aspinall-Oglander, Cecil (1951). Roger Keyes: Being the Life of Admiral of the Fleet Lord Keyes of Zeebrugge and Dover. London: The Hogarth Press.
- Keyes, Admiral of the Fleet Sir Roger (1934). The Naval Memoirs of Admiral of the Fleet Sir Roger Keyes: The Narrow Seas to the Dardanelles, 1910—1915. London: Thornton Butterworth, Ltd.
- Keyes, Admiral of the Fleet Sir Roger (1939). Adventures Ashore & Afloat. London: George G. Harrap & Co. Ltd.
Papers
Image
- 1918 Glyn Philpot portrait in the possession of the Imperial War Museum. Catalogue Number ART 1324.
Service Records
- The National Archives. ADM 196/141.
- The National Archives. ADM 196/88.
- The National Archives. ADM 196/43.
Footnotes
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 26366. p. 412. 24 January, 1893.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 26444. p. 5433. 26 September, 1893.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27245. p. 6855. 9 November, 1900.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27812. p. 4557. 30 June, 1905.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27911. p. 3164. 8 May, 1906.
- ↑ Mackie, Colin. ROYAL NAVY WARSHIPS.
- ↑ The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 28505. p. 4588. 19 June, 1911.
- ↑ The Navy List. (January, 1915). p. 304.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 28906. p. 7396. 18 September, 1914.
- ↑ The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 29423. p. 83. 1 January, 1916.
- ↑ The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 29608. p. 5563. 3 June, 1916.
- ↑ The Navy List. (December, 1916). p. 393.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 30017. p. 3496. 13 April, 1917.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 30613. p. 4132. 5 April, 1918.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 30655. p. 5064. 26 April, 1918.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 31071. p. 14815. 17 December, 1918.
- ↑ The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 319.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (July, 1919). p. 5.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 31708. p. 15988. 30 December, 1919.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 32329. p. 4004. 20 May, 1921.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 33139. p. 1650. 5 March, 1926.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 33604. p. 2867. 9 May, 1930.
- ↑ The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 33611. p. 3474. 3 June, 1930.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 34159. p. 3048. 10 May, 1935.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 34807. p. 1394. 8 March, 1940.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 35874. p. 445. 22 January, 1943.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ The Navy List. (October, 1898). p. 255.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/88. f. 90.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ "APPOINTMENTS FOR THE NAVAL MANOEUVRES." The Times (London, England), Thursday, Jul 16, 1903; pg. 8; Issue 37134.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ The Navy List. (April, 1911). p. 344.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ The Navy List. (December, 1916). p. 393.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 291.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 277.
- ↑ Keyes. Naval Memoirs. II. p. 113.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 291.
- ↑ Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. (November, 1918). p. 3.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 291.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 291.
- ↑ Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918. f. 8.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 291.
- ↑ Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918. f. 8.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 291.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 291.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 291.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 291.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 291.
- ↑ "Naval and Military" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Monday, 8 June, 1925. Issue 43982, col F, p. 24.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 291.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 291.
- ↑ "Naval, Military, and Air Force" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Monday, 29 April, 1929. Issue 45189, col E, p. 21.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 291.
- ↑ Keyes Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 291.