18-in Mark VII Torpedo (UK): Difference between revisions
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The '''18-in R.G.F. Mark VII Torpedo''' was a British torpedo developed at the [[Royal Gun Factory]] and first ordered for service in 1908 in its VII* variant.{{FC}} | The '''18-in R.G.F. Mark VII Torpedo''' was a British torpedo developed at the [[Royal Gun Factory]] and first ordered for service in 1908 in its VII* variant.{{FC}} | ||
Unlike the | Unlike the {{Torp|Mark VI|UK}}es, there were heater torpedoes by nature, and so are never qualified by a "H.". | ||
==Development and History== | ==Development and History== | ||
Ovalling gear was being trialled at sea in 1917.{{ARTS1917|p. 25}} | |||
==Particulars== | ==Particulars== | ||
| Line 14: | Line 15: | ||
==Manufacture and Use== | ==Manufacture and Use== | ||
===Mark VII=== | |||
The raw Mark VII torpedo was first ordered in 1910-1911; oddly, this is after the Mark VII* and Mark VII** variants in 1908-1909. More careful reading is required. | The raw Mark VII torpedo was first ordered in 1910-1911; oddly, this is after the Mark VII* and Mark VII** variants in 1908-1909. More careful reading is required. | ||
==Mark VII*== | In submarine use (at least), in 1917 it was decided that they were to be altered to deliver:{{ARTS1917|pp 25-26}} | ||
* 35 knots to 4,500 yards | |||
* 29 knots to 6,000 yards | |||
===Mark VII*=== | |||
Forty S.L. torpedoes were ordered in 1908-1909, but were somehow only reported the following year.{{ARTS1909|p. 7}} | Forty S.L. torpedoes were ordered in 1908-1909, but were somehow only reported the following year.{{ARTS1909|p. 7}} | ||
These contained more fuel and water but less air than the raw Mark VII, yielding an increase in range, at least under the low speed setting: 29-31 knots to 6,500 yards and 40.5-41.5 over 3,000 yards.{{ARTS1909|pp. 11-2}} | These contained more fuel and water but less air than the raw Mark VII, yielding an increase in range, at least under the low speed setting: 29-31 knots to 6,500 yards and 40.5-41.5 over 3,000 yards.{{ARTS1909|pp. 11-2}} | ||
==Mark VII**== | In submarine use (at least), in 1917 it was decided that they were to be altered to deliver:{{ARTS1917|pp 25-26}} | ||
* 35 knots to 4,500 yards | |||
* 29 knots to 6,500 yards | |||
===Mark VII**=== | |||
Some 53 Hook Bracket and 143 Side Lug specimens were ordered or given heaters in 1908-1909 – the source needs to be read more carefully.{{CN}} | Some 53 Hook Bracket and 143 Side Lug specimens were ordered or given heaters in 1908-1909 – the source needs to be read more carefully.{{CN}} | ||
In 1914, however, these are referred to as "new" torpedoes, with rectified threads throughout, B<sub><small>2</small></sub> generators and air vessel pressures increased to 2,200 psi to deliver 29 knots to 7,00 yards.{{ARTS1914|p. 8}} | In 1914, however, these are referred to as "new" torpedoes, with rectified threads throughout, B<sub><small>2</small></sub> generators and air vessel pressures increased to 2,200 psi to deliver 29 knots to 7,00 yards.{{ARTS1914|p. 8}} | ||
In submarine use (at least), in 1917 it was decided that they were to be altered to deliver:{{ARTS1917|pp 25-26}} | |||
* 35 knots to 5,000 yards | |||
* 29 knots to 7,000 yards | |||
Conversion of Marks VII** to VII***** to E.R. 3 was undertaken in 1917, but by year's end, only 21 had been converted. | |||
==Mark VII***== | ==Mark VII***== | ||
Introduced in 1914, these combined | Introduced in 1914, these combined some additional small improvements to those of the VII**.{{ARTS1914|p. 8}} | ||
In submarine use (at least), in 1917 it was decided that they were to be altered to deliver:{{ARTS1917|pp 25-26}} | |||
* 35 knots to 5,000 yards | |||
* 29 knots to 7,000 yards | |||
==Mark VII****== | |||
Introduced in 1916, these had interchangeable warheads with earlier Mark VII torpedoes and combined some 18 additional small improvements to those of the VII***, including:{{ARTS1916|p. 39}} | |||
* Tail of H.B. 1/S.L. 1 type | |||
* Wider gyroscope rudders | |||
* strengthening rings in afterbody | |||
In submarine use (at least), in 1917 it was decided that they were to be altered to deliver:{{ARTS1917|pp 25-26}} | |||
* 35 knots to 5,000 yards | |||
* 29 knots to 7,000 yards | |||
==Mark VII*****== | |||
[[File:ARTS1918Plate76.jpg|thumb|300px|'''Depth-taking Test from submarine launch'''{{ARTS1918|Plate 76}}]] | |||
Introduced in 1917, these were almost identical to the VI****, but had small improvements in constructions and could withstand 100 psi pressures.{{ARTS1917|p. 27}} | |||
In submarine use (at least), in 1917 it was decided that they were to be altered to deliver:{{ARTS1917|pp 25-26}} | |||
* 35 knots to 5,000 yards | |||
* 29 knots to 7,000 yards | |||
==Footnotes== | ==Footnotes== | ||
Latest revision as of 17:19, 3 July 2018
The 18-in R.G.F. Mark VII Torpedo was a British torpedo developed at the Royal Gun Factory and first ordered for service in 1908 in its VII* variant.[Fact Check]
Unlike the Mark VI torpedoes, there were heater torpedoes by nature, and so are never qualified by a "H.".
Development and History
Ovalling gear was being trialled at sea in 1917.[3]
Particulars
It was hoped that these might deliver more than 41 knots, but depth-keeping issues observed above 43 knots caused them to be rated at lower speed.[4] Its overall length including 4.5-in long pistol was 17 feet, 7.4 inches (see Plate).[5]
In its Mark VIII S.L. version, it achieved 29-31 knots to 5,500 yards and 40.5-41.5 to 3,00 yards.
Manufacture and Use
Mark VII
The raw Mark VII torpedo was first ordered in 1910-1911; oddly, this is after the Mark VII* and Mark VII** variants in 1908-1909. More careful reading is required.
In submarine use (at least), in 1917 it was decided that they were to be altered to deliver:[6]
- 35 knots to 4,500 yards
- 29 knots to 6,000 yards
Mark VII*
Forty S.L. torpedoes were ordered in 1908-1909, but were somehow only reported the following year.[7]
These contained more fuel and water but less air than the raw Mark VII, yielding an increase in range, at least under the low speed setting: 29-31 knots to 6,500 yards and 40.5-41.5 over 3,000 yards.[8]
In submarine use (at least), in 1917 it was decided that they were to be altered to deliver:[9]
- 35 knots to 4,500 yards
- 29 knots to 6,500 yards
Mark VII**
Some 53 Hook Bracket and 143 Side Lug specimens were ordered or given heaters in 1908-1909 – the source needs to be read more carefully.[Citation needed]
In 1914, however, these are referred to as "new" torpedoes, with rectified threads throughout, B2 generators and air vessel pressures increased to 2,200 psi to deliver 29 knots to 7,00 yards.[10]
In submarine use (at least), in 1917 it was decided that they were to be altered to deliver:[11]
- 35 knots to 5,000 yards
- 29 knots to 7,000 yards
Conversion of Marks VII** to VII***** to E.R. 3 was undertaken in 1917, but by year's end, only 21 had been converted.
Mark VII***
Introduced in 1914, these combined some additional small improvements to those of the VII**.[12]
In submarine use (at least), in 1917 it was decided that they were to be altered to deliver:[13]
- 35 knots to 5,000 yards
- 29 knots to 7,000 yards
Mark VII****
Introduced in 1916, these had interchangeable warheads with earlier Mark VII torpedoes and combined some 18 additional small improvements to those of the VII***, including:[14]
- Tail of H.B. 1/S.L. 1 type
- Wider gyroscope rudders
- strengthening rings in afterbody
In submarine use (at least), in 1917 it was decided that they were to be altered to deliver:[15]
- 35 knots to 5,000 yards
- 29 knots to 7,000 yards
Mark VII*****
Introduced in 1917, these were almost identical to the VI****, but had small improvements in constructions and could withstand 100 psi pressures.[17]
In submarine use (at least), in 1917 it was decided that they were to be altered to deliver:[18]
- 35 knots to 5,000 yards
- 29 knots to 7,000 yards
Footnotes
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1908. Plate 12.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1909. Plate 2.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1917. p. 25.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1909. p. 12.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1908. p. 18.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1917. pp 25-26.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1909. p. 7.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1909. pp. 11-2.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1917. pp 25-26.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1914. p. 8.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1917. pp 25-26.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1914. p. 8.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1917. pp 25-26.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1916. p. 39.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1917. pp 25-26.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1918. Plate 76.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1917. p. 27.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1917. pp 25-26.
Bibliography
