View source for Henry James Hartnoll

{{CommRN}} '''Henry James Hartnoll''', D.S.O., R.N., Retired (5 October, 1890 &ndash; 18 November, 1940) served in the [[Royal Navy]] in both World Wars.

==Life & Career==
Born the eldest son of Sir Henry Hartnoll, I.C.S., a judge in the Lower Burma court.<ref>20200615 email from Stephanie Zarach, descendant.</ref>

Though Hartnoll was accepted for the September 1903 intake term at [[Royal Naval College, Osborne]],{{NMI|Monday, Aug 17, 1903; pg. 8; Issue 37161}} his service record indicates that he entered with the January, 1904 term.  He gained one and a half months' seniority and made a {{MidRN}} upon passing out on 15 September, 1908.<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

He served in the {{UK-Russell|f=t}} in the Atlantic for fifteen months, during which time Captain [[Arthur David Ricardo|Ricardo]] described him as "slack but improving."  He was then appointed by the Commander-in-Chief to the {{UK-Minerva|f=t}} in the Mediterranean.  Captain [[Drury St. Aubyn Wake|Wake]] described Hartnoll as "zealous" at the end of his appointment, when was moved, briefly, to the {{UK-1Exmouth|f=t}} on 18 August, 1910 before being placed in the {{UK-KingEdwardVII|f=t}} of the Home Fleet on 15 September, 1910.  He spent nearly a year in this ''King Edward VII''.<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

Hartnoll next spent six weeks in the new dreadnought battleship {{UK-Hercules}} before being sent to undertake examinations on 18 September, 1911.  His examinations did not distinguish him.  He obtained third class certificates in Navigation and Gunnery, second class in Seamanship, Torpedoes, and Engineering, and failed the voluntary portion of the examination.  Despite this, his evaluations would show that his superiors held him in generally high regard, and being of good physique, conduct, pluck and industry.<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

Hartnoll was granted the acting rank of {{SubRN}} on 28 November, 1911 and confirmed in the rank two days later.  His first small vessel service started on 31 December 1911 with an appointment to the {{UK-Savage|f=t}}.  He would be in her as she worked as part of the {{UK-DF|3}}.  He obtained his deck watchkeeping certificate on 1 October, 1912 and was sent to the {{UK-Falmouth|f=t}} in which he commenced engine room training on 12 February, 1913, eventually receiving his E.R. Certificate in mid-June.<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

Hartnoll was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 30 November, 1913 while serving in the {{UK-Minotaur|f=t}} on the [[China Station]].<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

==Great War==
At the outset of the [[Great War]], Hartnoll was serving in the {{UK-Hampshire|f=t}}, then also on the China Station, in which he had been serving since January, 1914.<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

On 10 January, 1915 he was appointed to the {{UK-Laforey|f=t}} as first lieutenant.  He was there when the destroyer took part in the [[Battle off Noordhinder Bank]] on 1 May, 1915, assisting in the sinking of two German coastal destroyers.  The Secretary of the Admiralty announced that Hartnoll had, in the wake of this action, dived into the water to save a German.{{ToL|The Lost German Torpedo-Boats|4 May 1915, p. 8}}

''Laforey'' later operated in the Mediterranean with the {{UK-DF|5}} before returning to the North Sea.  Eventually, she would pay a belated part in the [[Battle of Jutland]] by escorting the torpedoed battleship {{UK-Marlborough}} home.  Through this, Captain (D), {{UK-DF|3}} [[Francis Gerald St. John]] commended him for "shew[ing] great coolness & pluck in action."<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

Hartnoll was admitted to Shotley Hospital for a contusion to his left shoulder on 3 August, 1916 and was found fit three days later.  On the 26th, he was appointed to the {{UK-P14|f=t}} to assist in overseeing her completion, and which juncture he assumed command.<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

Hartnoll rescued an able-bodied seaman of the {{UK-P14|f=t}} who had been knocked overboard by the recoil of a gun on 28 October, 1916 for which he was awarded the [[Royal Humane Society's Bronze Medal]] for lifesaving at sea in 1917.<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

On 8 February 1917 he salvaged a wrecked aeroplane at night in a rough sea.<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

On 20 June 1917, he was appointed in command of the destroyer {{UK-Zubian}}, which had been fashioned from the bow of the {{UK-Zulu|f=c}} and the stern of her sister {{UK-Nubian}}, each of which had been severely damaged in their prior lives.<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

Hartnoll was credited with destroying {{DE-UC50}} on 4 February, 1918 while in command of {{UK-Zubian}}.  He received a D.S.O. for this.<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

Hartnoll's last wartime appointment was in command of the {{UK-Mentor|f=c}}. from ate May 1918 through 28 December, 1918.  He then started an appointment at R.N.C. Osborne that would last until September 1920.<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

==Post-War==
In February 1921 Hartnoll was hospitalized at Haslar for two days, suffering from diarrhea.

On 21 April, 1921, he completed the long course for a P. & R. T. officer, and was qualified.  

Hartnoll was promoted to the rank of {{LCommRN}} on 30 November, 1921.  From 1922 through 1924, he served as Fleet P.& R. T. Officer in {{UK-IronDuke}}.  He would then ply his new specialty at Devonport through 1927.<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

In 1929 through 1931, he served as executive officer in the light cruisers {{UK-Cardiff}}, {{UK-Carysfort}} and {{UK-Ceres}}.<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

Having recently been afflicted with constipation that required time spent in Plymouth Naval Hospital, Hartnoll was placed on the Retired List at his own request at rank of {{CommRN}} on 17 April, 1932.<ref>Hartnoll Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/53/86.|D7605497}} f. 85.</ref>

==World War II==
Hartnoll was appointed to ''President'' for during with the [[Director of Naval Intelligence (Royal Navy)|Director of Naval Intelligence]] on 23 July, 1940.  

Hartnoll died "suddenly" in November 1940 aged fifty at Winkleigh, North Devon while on leave.{{ToL|Deaths|21 Nov. 1940, p. 1}}{{ToL|Obituaries| 23 Nov. 1940, p. 7}}

==See Also==
{{refbegin}}
* [http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/results/r?_rv=simple&_q=ADM+Henry+James+Hartnoll Service Records]
<!--{{WP|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_James_Hartnoll}}-->
{{refend}}

<div name=fredbot:appts>{{TabApptsBegin}}
{{TabNaval}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''New Command'''|'''[[H.M.S. P14 (1916)|Captain of H.M.S. ''P14'']]'''<br>20 Aug, 1916{{NLDec16|p. 396''ii''}} &ndash; 15 Jun, 1917|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Oscar James Prosser Lee|Oscar J. P. Lee]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''New Command'''|'''[[H.M.S. Zubian (1917)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Zubian'']]'''<br>20 Jun, 1917{{NLNov17|p. 399''i''}} &ndash; 25 May, 1918|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Gordon Fraser Hannay|Gordon F. Hannay]]'''}}
{{TabApptsRow|Preceded by<br>'''[[Arthur Jermyn Landon|Arthur J. Landon]]'''|'''[[H.M.S. Mentor (1914)|Captain of H.M.S. ''Mentor'']]'''<br>29 May, 1918{{NLJan19|p. 845}} &ndash; 31 Dec, 1918{{NLJan19|p. 845}}{{NLMar19|p. 845}}|Succeeded by<br>'''[[Loben Edward Harold Maund|Loben E. H. Maund]]'''}}
{{TabEnd}}
</div name=fredbot:appts>

==Footnotes==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hartnoll, Henry James}}

{{CatPerson|UK|1890|}}
{{CatComm|UK}}
{{CatDeceasedOnActiveService|UK}} <!-- presumably -->
{{CatPTOfficer|UK}}
{{CatBritannia|January, 1904}}
{{CatRN}}